snakes

what is the only continent snakes are not found on?

Antarctica

what is the name of the order snakes are in?

Squamata Serpentes, (Scolecophidia, Alethinophidia are infraorders)

what is the smallest snake? 

Barbados threadsnake 

what percent of reptiles are in captivity?

18%

diurnal

active in daytime

crepuscular

active at dawn and dusk

nocturnal

active at night

what causes issues shedding? 

poor husbandry, and ectoparasites 

what does the mandible lack?

it lacks a mandibular symphasis and instead has a intramandibular hinge.

what is lateral undulation

most used. move from fixed points in environment. posterolaterally

slide pushing

no fixed points. propels snake forward

rectilinear

used by large body snakes

concertina 

large energy consumption. prevents rearward slippage  

side-winding

tracts are parallel to forward motion

saltations

lifting and straightening of body

terrestrial heart position

close to head, blood vessels in distal body

arboreal heart position 

close to head. blood reaches brain effortlessly.

aquatic heart position 

middle of body, no blood accumulation in tail. 

how many chambers in heart

3

what is the lymphatic system of snakes

have lymph hearts and vessels instead of lymph nodes

how much smaller is the left lung than the right

85% smaller

how do snakes breathe

most only have a single right lung and a nonfunctioning left lung

what organ detects infrared heat? 

pit organ/ heat receptors 

what organ detects odors and hormones 

jocobson’s organ 

what pupil shape do diurnal snakes have

round yellow lense with cones

what pupil shape do crepuscular snakes have

pail lens, rods and cones

what pupil shape do nocturnal snakes have

vertical slit. few cones mostly rods

what kind of gland is the venom gland 

salivary gland 

what is special about snake kidneys

no loop of Henley and no renal pelvis

what species of sakes have vestigial spurs and what do they do.

boids have them, and they are used to stimulate and help position

how many penises do snakes have

snakes have a beautiful pair of hemipenises, only use one

what are sefe heating options

heat lamp, heating tape, heating pad at bottom of tank, NO HEATING ROCKS.

what are the lighting requirements for snakes 

must have 12 -13 hours of light 

what are the humidity requirments for types of species 

tropical species need high humidity and desert species need low humidity. 

what is the proper size prat for sakes

no bigger then the widest part of belly

what causes anorexia in snakes

not enough heat, no motion in food, POTZ, wild caught snake, ecdysis, resp disorders

what causes blister disease

dirty, humid enclosure, poor prognosis

what causes infectious stomatitis 

poor husbandry, poor feeding techniques, stress, trauma