Chp. 2: Communication, Culture, and Diversity

Ethnocentrism

- the tendency to see ones own culture as superior to all others.

Genderlect

- coined by Deborah Tannen, gender is a cultural difference and that men and women simply communicate differently.

Ethnocentrism

- the tendency to see ones own culture as superior to all others.

Genderlect

- coined by Deborah Tannen, gender is a cultural difference and that men and women simply communicate differently.

Gender

- socially constructed notions of masculinity, femininity, and androgyny.

Restrained

_: strict social norms discourage acting simply out of want, leisure and vacation are not that important, ppl may not freely express dissent or unhappiness.

Generation

affects us but does not pre-determine our experience.

Gender identity

- ones sense of self as ID as a woman, non- binary, etc.

Ideologies

- set of ideas, beliefs, and ideals that form ones worldview and provide a basis for action.

Hate speech

- uncivil discourse (talk), phrases, terms, cartoons, and entire campaigns used to humiliate people based on age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, and social class to name just a few.

Prejudice

: dislike or hatred toward a particular group

Stereotypes

- popular beliefs about groups of people, perceptions of others belonging to another ethnic or social group.

Melting pot philosophy

- view of assimilation into the dominant culture.

Collectivist

- value silence, maintains group harmony, strong ties between individuals, strong communal bonds, and often live in extended families that are deeply loyal to the group, tend to "talk around "an issue until the other side realizes what is being said.

Multiculturalism

- engagement with and respect of people from other cultures.

Sexual orientation

- one's romantic attractions.

Masculine

: highly assertive and competitive, style of communication is seeking to establish or defend status and express competition, emphasize competition,

Cancel Culture

: actions people take to hold others accountable, form of censorship: a restriction on free speech or as history being erased.

Ethnicity

- a group who identify with each other based on common experiences*, geographic, or national origin, ancestry, history, cultural and social norms, religion, race, language, ideology, food, dress, or other factors.

Religion

can have strong impact on experience.

Individualist

- have loose ties between individuals and expect each person to look out for themselves and their immediate family, value personal achievement and personal opinions.

Co-cultures

- smaller groups within and alongside larger cultures.

Low-context

: the language used in interaction, and less emphasis is placed on the nonverbal communication, environment, and situation ex: US and Germany.

Feminine

_: less assertive and competitive, style of communication is where the purpose is establishing connections and creating cooperation, both men and women are more modest and caring, emphasize cooperation and census.

Diversity

- the recognition and valuing of difference.

Cultural relativism

- the acceptance of other cultural groups as equal in value to ones own.

Ethnocentrism

- negatively judging aspects of another culture by the standards of ones own culture; people who view their culture as dominant are unwilling to learn and not open to the ideas of other cultures.

Culture

- the distinctive ideas, customs, social behavior, daily habits, products, or way of life of a particular nation, society, people, or community.

High-context cultures

a great deal of meaning is derived from the nonverbal expressions, environment, and situation in which the communication is taking place, and less emphasis is placed on the words

Race

a set of physical characteristics shared by a group of people such as skin color, body type, facial structure, and hair color

Gender roles

societal expectations for individuals who identify with a particular gender

Gender expression

ways people communicate their gender identity

Multiple intelligence theory

proposed by psychologist Howard Gardner

Discrimination

_: the verbal and nonverbal actions that demonstrate or corroborate prejudiced attitudes