Phase Change Review

Mass

The amount of matter in an object.

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Solvent

A substance that dissolves a solute in a solution, typically a liquid.

Molecule

A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Compound

A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together.

Liquid

A state of matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape, it takes the shape of its container.

Gas

A state of matter with no definite shape or volume, expanding to fill its container.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.

Freezing

The process in which a liquid turns into a solid as it loses heat energy.

Evaporation

The process by which a liquid turns into a gas.

Condensation

The process by which a gas transforms into a liquid as it loses heat energy.

Sublimation

The process by which a solid turns directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state.

Deposition

The process by which a gas turns directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state.

Ionic Bond

A type of chemical bond that occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture that has a uniform throughout, consisting of two or more substances that are evenly distributed and look like one thing.

Octet Rule

The principle that atoms tend to combine in such a way that they each have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stability.

Heterogeneous Mixture

A mixture that is not uniform throughout, consisting of two or more substances that are not evenly distributed and can be easily seperated.

Viscosity

A liquids resistance to flow.

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances, made of only one type of atom.

Covalent bond

Bond formed when atoms share electrons.

Amorphous solid

A solid that is not arranged in a structured pattern.

Crystalline solid

A solid where atoms are arranged in a highly ordered, repeating pattern.

Solid

state of matter with definite shape and volume.

Melting

A solid changing to a liquid.

Freezing

A liquid changing to a solid.