Language of Medicine- Chapter 9

bulbourethral glands

a pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra. The secrete fluid into the urethra. Also called cowper glands.

ejaculation

ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra

ejaculatory duct

tube through which semen enters the male urethra

epididymis

one of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes on top of each testis. It carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens.

erectile dysfuction

inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence

flagellum

hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move).

fraternal twins

two infants born of the same pregnancy from two separate egg cells fertilized by two different sperm cells

glans penis

sensitive tip of the penis

identical twins

two infants resulting from division of on fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. conjoined ("Siamese") twins are incompletely separated identical twins.

parenchyma

the essential distinctive cells of an organ. In the testis, the seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are the _______ tissues.

penis

male external organ of reproduction

perineum

external region between the anus and scrotum in the male

prepuce

foreskin; fold of skin covering the tip of the penis

prostate gland

exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. The_______ secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation.

scrotum

external sac that contains the testes

semen

spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions)

seminal vesicles

paired sac-like male exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens

seminiferous tubules

narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes

spermatozoon

sperm cell

sterilization

procedure that removes an inidividual's ability to produce or release reproductive cells.

stroma

supportive connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma

testis

male gonad that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone

testosterone

hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics

vas deferens (ductus deferens)

narrow tube (one on each side) that caries sperm from the epididymis into the body and toward the urethra

andr/o

male (root)

balan/o

penis (root)

cry/o

cold (root)

crypt/o

hidden (root)

epididym/o

epididymis (root)

gon/o

seed (root)

hydr/o

water, fluid (root)

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

testis, testicle (root)

pen/o

penis (root)

prostat/o

prostate gland (root)

semin/i

semen, seed (root)

sperm/o, spermat/o

spermatozoa, semen (root)

terat/o

monster (root)

test/o

testis, testicle (root)

varic/o

varicose veins (root)

vas/o

vessel, duct; vas deferens (root)

zo/o

animal life (root)

-genesis

formation (suffix)

-one

hormone (suffix)

-pexy

fixation, put in place (suffix)

-stomy

new opening (suffix)

carcinoma of the testes (testicular cancer)

malignant tumor of the testicles

crytorchidism; cryptochism

undescended testicles

hydrocele

sac of clear fluid in the scrotum

testicular torsion

twisting of the spermatic cord

varicocele

enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle

benign prostatic hyperplasia

benign growth of cells within the prostate gland

carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer)

malignant tumor of the prostate gland

hypospadias; hypospadia

congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis instead of at its tip

phimosis

narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis

chlamydial infection

bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract

gonorrhea

inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria).

herpes genitalis

infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by HSV

human papillomavirus (HPV) infection

infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus

syphilis

chronic STD caused by spirochete (spiral shaped bacteria)

PSA test

measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood

semen analysis

microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid

castration

surgical excision of testicles or ovaries

circumcision

surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis

digital rectal examination (DRE)

finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland

photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP)

removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP)

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra

vasectomy

bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens

BPH

benign prostatic hyperplasia (abbrev.)

DRE

digital rectal examination (abbrev.)

ED

erectile dysfunction (abbrev.)

GU

genitourinary (abbrev.)

HPV

human papillomavirus (abbrev.)

HSV

herpes simplex virus (abbrev.)

NSU

nonspecific urethritis (abbrev.)

PID

pelvic inflammatory disease (abbrev.)

PIN

prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia; a precursor of prostate cancer (abbrev.)

PSA

prostate-specific antigen (abbrev.)

PVP

photoselective vaporization of the prostatel Green Light PVP (abbrev.)

RPR

rapid plasma reagin [test]; a test for syphilis (abbrev.)

STD

sexually transmitted disease (abbrev.)

STI

sexually transmitted infection (abbrev.)

TRUS

transrectak ultrasound [examination]; test to assess the prostate and guide precise placement of a biopsy needle (abbrev.)

TUIP

transurethral incision of the prostate; successful in less enlarged prostates and less invasive than TURP (abbrev.)

TUMT

transurethral microwave thermotherapy (abbrev.)

TUNA

transurethral needle ablation; radiofrequency energy destroys prostate tissue (abbrev.)

TURP

transurethral resection of the prostate (abbrev.)