Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle Ligaments and Joints

Coracoclavicular Ligament Function

Stabilizes acromioclavicular joint limiting medial displacement, protraction and especially elevation of the clavicle on the scapula

Trapezoid Ligament Attachments

From coracoid process to trapezoid line of clavicle

Conoid Ligament Attachments

From coracoid process to conoid tubercle of clavicle

Acromioclavicular Ligament Function

Stabilizes acromioclavicular joint

Acromioclavicular Ligament Attachments

From superior aspect of acromial end of the clavicle to adjacent acromion

Coracoacromial Ligament Function

Prevents the superior displacement of the humeral head by forming the coracoacromial arch

Coracoacromial Ligament Attachments

From lateral border of coracoid process to acromion adjacent to clavicular articulation

Coracohumeral Ligament Function

Reinforces superoanterior aspects of glenohumeral joint capsule

Coracohumeral Ligament Attachment

From base of coracoid process to anterior aspect of greater tubercle

Costoclavicular Ligament Function

Stabilizes sternoclavicular joint, limiting elevation of the clavicle

Costoclavicular Ligament Attachment

From superior aspect of cartilage of first rib to undersurface of the clavicle

Glenoid Capsule Attachments

From the circumference of the rim of the glenoid fossa to anatomical neck of the humerus

Glenohumeral Ligament Function

Stabilizes glenohumeral articulation

Superior Glenohumeral Ligament Function

Resists inferior glide of humerus on glenoid at 0 degrees of abduction

Middle Glenohumeral Ligament Function

Resists anterior glide of humerus on glenoid and limits external rotation with humerus at 45 degrees of abduction

Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament Complex Function

Resists inferior glide of humerus on glenoid fossa, limits humeral abduction, limits external rotation and internal rotation of humerus at 90 degrees of abduction and flexion

Glenohumeral Ligaments Attachments

From upper part of medial margin of glenoid cavity to lesser tubercle and anatomical neck

Sternoclavicular Joint: Synovial Classification

Sellar/saddle

Acromioclavicular Joint: Synovial Classification

Plane/gliding

Glenohumeral Joint: Synovial Classification

Ball & Socket

Scapulothoracic Joint Function

Pseudo-joint necessary for full glenohumeral function