Jackson (Tier 3): Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists

Which endogenous catecholamines are listed in the lecture?

Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine

Which synthetic catecholamines are listed in the lecture?

Isoproterenol, dobutamine, and phenylephrine

Which anorexiants are listed in the lecture?

Amphetamine, phentermine, benzphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and Dexedrine

What other effects can β2 bronchodilators have besides bronchial relaxation?

Effects on uterine and vascular smooth muscle

Which α agonists are listed as nasal decongestants?

Epinephrine, ephedrine, naphazoline, phenylephrine, and tetrahydrozoline

Which α agonists are listed for ophthalmic congestion?

Epinephrine, naphazoline, phenylephrine, and tetrahydrozoline

What non-cardiovascular adverse effects are listed for α agonists?

Anorexia, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, and rarely taste changes

What non-cardiovascular adverse effects are listed for β agonists?

Sweating, nausea, vomiting, and muscle cramps

Which drug classes are listed as potential adrenergic drug interactions?

Anesthetics, TCAs, MAOIs, antihistamines, thyroid preparations, and antihypertensives

Which nonselective α antagonists are shown in the lecture classification?

Phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine

Which α1-selective antagonists are shown in the lecture classification?

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, alfuzosin, and tamsulosin

Which α2-selective antagonist is shown in the lecture classification?

Yohimbine

What is tolazoline used for according to the lecture?

Vasospastic disorders and pulmonary hypertension in newborns

What routes of tolazoline administration are listed?

SubQ, IM, or IV

What CNS adverse effects are listed for α blockers?

Dizziness, headache, drowsiness, anxiety, depression, vertigo, weakness, numbness, and fatigue

What GI adverse effects are listed for α blockers?

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain

What other adverse effects are listed for α blockers?

Incontinence, nose bleeding, tinnitus, rhinitis, dry mouth, and pharyngitis

What CNS adverse effects are listed for β blockers?

Dizziness, mental depression, lethargy, and hallucinations

What GI adverse effects are listed for β blockers?

Nausea, dry mouth, vomiting, diarrhea, cramps, and ischemic colitis

What other adverse effects are listed for β blockers?

Impotence, rash, alopecia, and bronchospasm

What hematologic adverse effects are listed for β blockers?

Agranulocytosis and thrombocytopenia

What patient history should be assessed before adrenergic blocker therapy?

Allergies, COPD, hypotension, dysrhythmias, bradycardia, CHF, and other cardiovascular problems

What major problems may α blockers precipitate?

Hypotension

What major problems may β blockers precipitate?

Bradycardia, hypotension, heart block, CHF, and bronchoconstriction

Which medication categories are listed as possible interactions with adrenergic blockers?

Aluminum hydroxide antacids, antimuscarinics/anticholinergics, diuretics/cardiovascular drugs, neuromuscular blockers, and oral hypoglycemics