Historical Consciousness and Ancient Philippine Civilization

Comprehensive flashcards covering the concepts of Philippine historical consciousness, social structures, livelihoods, and cultural achievements as discussed in the lecture.

Kamalayang Pangkasaysayan

The deep understanding and recognition of an individual or group regarding the history of their nation, focusing on how the past shapes identity and patriotism.

Pantayong Pananaw

A form of cultural decolonization rooted in the pronoun 'tayo' that seeks to build knowledge from Filipino experience and language rather than Western narratives.

Core Population Theory

A theory explaining the origins of ancient people in the Philippines that challenges the arguments of the Wave Migration Theory.

William Henry Scott

A foreign historian who authored 'Barangay: 16th Century Philippine Culture and Society,' providing a detailed image of ancient Filipinos through comparative research.

Barangay

In Luzon, an organized community of 30-100 families with a clear government structure; the term originates from the word 'Balangay,' meaning boat.

Datu

The leader of an ancient community possessing political, economic, and judicial powers over his constituents.

Timawa

Free citizens or freed slaves, often descendants of commoners or slaves associated with a datu.

Oripun

The level of slaves in Visayan society who could become such through captivity, debt, or birth.

Maginoo

The noble class in ancient Tagalog society originating from honorable lineages.

Aliping Namamahay

Slaves who owned their own homes and families, served their masters, and could not be sold.

Aliping Saguiguilid

Slaves who lived in their master's house, worked their master's land, and could be bought or sold.

Sultan

The leader of centralized governments in Maguindanao who comes from a noble bloodline.

Ilaya

Upland mountain communities focused primarily on agricultural living.

Ilawod

Communities situated in lowlands or near water bodies.

Kaingin

A farming system involving cutting and burning trees to plant 'Upland Rice' on mountainsides with natural water flow.

Salog

The Bicolano term for the irrigation system utilized due to vast water resources.

Sabod

The process of scattering rice seeds in a nursery and then transplanting them to shallow paddies once sprouted.

Balatik

A type of lethal arrow trap used by ancient Visayans for hunting that pierces the body of the animal.

Tubli

The juice from tree roots, bark, or fruit used to intoxicate fish to make them easier to catch.

Tuba

An alcoholic beverage made from the sap of coconut trees.

Pangasi

An alcoholic drink produced through the fermentation of rice.

Lawaan

A tall, hard wood tree reaching up to 60 meters used for building boats.

Karakoa

A warship used by ancient Visayans.

Dihoon

The Visayan term for making pottery using the 'paddle-and-anvil' (pikpik) method.

Laguna Copperplate Inscription

The oldest document found in the Philippines (900 CE), written in ancient Malay with influences from Sanskrit, Chinese, and Javanese.

Baybayin

The indigenous writing system of ancient Tagalogs prior to the arrival of Spanish colonizers in 1521.

Darangen

A traditional epic of the Maranaw people regarding the heroic deeds of warriors.

Siday

A form of ancient Visayan poetry or song.