PSY Chapter 1 and 3 Test

What is the primary function of the soma in a neuron?

info processing such as protein synthesis, energy produc

What is the primary function of glial cells?

supports cells found in nervous system that provide nutrients, insulation and support for axons

What is the purpose of the myelin sheath?

insulates the axons of nearby neurons and allows neurons to carry information efficiently

What is the cell’s genetic material stored in a neuron?

chromosomes that contain DNA

What is the primary responsibility of dendrites?

recieve information from other neurons and relay it to the cell body

Which role do dendrites play in neuron communication?

recieve info and relay to cell body

What is the resting potential of a typical neuron?

charge of -70 millivolts relative to the outside

During which phase is a neuron unable to generate another action potential?

Refractory period

What is the gap between neurons called?

Synaptic gap(synapse)

Where is the synaptic gap located?

between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another

What is acetylcholine most closely associated with?

Limb movement

What substances are released by the body to reduce pain?

endorphins

which neurotransmitter is often associated with mood and anxiety?

serotonin

WHich describes a drug that blocks or reduces a neurotransmitter’s effects?

an antagonist drug

What type of neurons carry info from sensory receptors to the CNS?

Motor neurons

Where do sensory neurons send their signals?

to the brain through the spinal cord

Where do motor neurons carry signals to?

to muscles to produce movement

which type of neurons carry info from the CNS to muscles?

motor neurons

What type of actions are controlled by moto neurons?

movement

w

Which system is active during rest and digestion?

autonomic→parasympathetic

What does the somatic nervous system control?

volu

What does the occipital lobe primarily process?

visual info

what is the temporal lobe associated with?

hearing and language, speech and words

what lobe is responsible for planning, reasoning, and voluntary movement?

frontal lobe

what is the frontal lobe mainly responsible for?

thinking, imagining, planning, and anticipation

what are the basal ganglia involved in?

directing intentional movements and playing a role in reward processing

what is the primary role of the hippocampus?

creating, storing, and combining memories

which structure is part of the limbic system and crucial for forming new memories?

hippocampus

what key role does the reticular formation play?

regulates sleep, wakefulness, and levels of arousal

what is the crucial role of the hypothalamus?

regulates body temp., hunger, thirst

what is the thalamus responsible for?

all senses except smell

what is the amygdala primarily associated with

emotional processes, particularly the formation of emotional m

what is the primary function of the pons

a bridge between the cerebellum and other structures

what part of the brain is primarily responsible for balance and muscle coordination?

cerebullum-fine motor skills

what does the corpus collosum connect?

large areas of the cerebral cortex on each side of brain

what structure maintains homeostasis by regulating hunger thirst and temp?

hypothalamus

what is the main role of the hippocampus

creating, storing, and combining memories

what is the amygdala primarily associated with?

emotional processes

how does the endocrine system communicate?

produces and secretes hormones in bloodstream

what is epigenetics?

depending on environments, genes can be or not be expressed

what neurotransmitter is associated with muscles and voluntary motor control?

acetylcholine

what neurotransmitter is associated with reward, pleasure, and motivation?

dopamine

what neurotransmitter is considered the flight or fight feeling?

norepinephrine

what neurotransmitter is related to mood?

serotonin

what neurotransmitter is associated with pain?

endorphins

scientific study of mind and behavior

psychology

private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings

mind

observable actions

behavior

loss of cognitive or motor functions, result of emotionally upsetting experiences

hysteria

a therapy that aims to give people insight into the contents of their unconscious minds

psychoanalysis

approach that attempted to isolate and analyze the mind’s basic elements(what is the mind like)

structuralism

study of the purpose mental processes serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment

functionalism

theory that hysteria is caused by painful unconscious experiences

psychoanalytic theory

the approach to psychology that restricts scientific inquiry to observable behavior(mind doesn’t matter)

behaviorism

how mind creates perceptual evidence rather than sum of the parts

getstalt

• father of psychology

• structuralism

• first psychology class

wilhelm wundt

man who used introspection

edward titchner

• determined how we adapt and grow in environments

• functionalism

william james

• psychoanalytic theory and psychoanalysis

• our behaviors tied to our unconscious minds

sigmund freud

• used dog to show stimulus and response

• behaviorism

ivan pavlov

concept that mind and body are seperate

dualism

man who invented dualism

rene descartes

concept that knowledge is acquired through experience

philisophical empiricism

man who supported concept of philosophical empericism

john locke