CHAPTER 3 - ALFRED ADLER: INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY THEORY

February 7, 1870 in Penzing, Austria

When and where was Adler born?

May 29, 1937, in Aberdeen, Scotland

When and where did Adler die?

1902

When did he meet Freud? (year)

Individual Psychology

It presents an optimistic view of a person resting heavily on social interest (feeling of oneness with all humankind).

C. Present behavior is shaped by past experiences

The following are notions of Adler in understanding of personality EXCEPT:

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A. Striving for superiority.

B. Parental influence on personality development

C. Present behavior is shaped by past experiences

D. Effects of birth order

D. People have little or no choice in shaping their personality

The following are notions of Adler in the understanding of personality EXCEPT:

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A. Present behavior is shaped by people’s view of the future.

B. People are motivated by social influences and their striving for superiority and success

C. Psychologically healthy people are aware of what they are doing and why they are doing it

D. People have little or no choice in shaping their personality

(Trick Question) G. None of the Above (All are tenets of Adlerian Theory)

The following are tenets of Adlerian Theory EXCEPT:

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A. Striving for success/superiority

B. Subjective Perceptions

C. Unified and Self-Consistent

D. Social Interest

E. Style of Life

F. Creative Power

B. creative power

The style of life is molded by people’s ____.

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A. subjective perceptions

B. creative power

C. social interest

D. behavior

A. subjective perceptions

People’s _____ shape their behavior and personality.

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A. subjective perceptions

B. social interest

C. style of life

D. creative power

D. Striving for success/superiority

The one dynamic force behind people’s behavior.

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A. style of life

B. unified and self-consistent

C. social interest

D. Striving for success/superiority

A. style of life

The self consistent personality structure develops into a person’s ____.

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A. style of life

B. social interest

C. striving for success/superiority

Social interest

The value of all human activity must be seen from the viewpoint of **____.**

Striving for Success and Superiority

One of the tenets of Adlerian theory is that everyone begins life with physical deficiencies that activate feelings of inferiority.

Striving for superiority/Strive for personal superiority

In Individual Psychology, these are psychologically unhealthy individuals.

Striving for Success/Seek success for all humanity

In Individual Psychology, these are psychologically unhealthy individuals.

People strive for superiority/success as a means of ____ for feelings of ____.

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A. seeking/satisfaction

B. compensation/inferiority

C. motivation/uncertainty

D. looking/independence

B. compensation/inferiority

It reduces the pain of inferiority. It is a product of creative power and is provided by their heredity ad environment. Each ____ is personalized according to their own subjective perceptions.

Final Goal

It refers to the ability to freely shape their behavior and create their own personality

Creative power

People strive for superiority/success to compensate for feelings of inferiority but the manner in which they strive is not shaped by reality but by their subjective perceptions of reality. Which of the following is the best example of this?

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A. Xyrus encourages other students to participate in a school event.

B. Lea is frustrated of her mother’s actions.

C. Victor dreams of becoming a psychiatrist.

D. Ethan is a working student.

C. Victor dreams of becoming a psychiatrist.

____ are ideas that have no real experience yet they influence people as if they really existed. It guides our style of life, gives unity to our personality.

Fictions/Fictionalism

The following are examples of fiction created by humans EXCEPT:

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A. Men are superior to women

B. Humans have free will that enables them to make choices.

C. Children should be educated, not forced into labor.

D. God rewards good and punished evil

C. Children should be educated, not forced into labor.

Adler: _____ is to Freud: Causal

Teleological

Each person is unique and indivisible; defensive against the unpredictability. Personality is ______ and ______.

united/self-consistent

The entire person operates with unity and self-consistency through ______.

A. Organ Dialect

B. Conscious

C. Organ Dialect and Unconscious

D. Organ Dialect and Conscious

E. Conscious and Unconscious

F. Unconcious

G. Conscious, Unconscious, and Organ Dialect

G. Conscious, Unconscious, and Organ Dialect

All separate actions and functions can be understood only as parts of the goal.

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A. Organ Dialect

B. Conscious

C. Organ Dialect and Unconscious

D. Organ Dialect and Conscious

E. Conscious and Unconscious

F. Unconcious

G. Conscious, Unconscious, and Organ Dialect

A. Organ Dialect

A system to which unity and self-consistency operate through the harmony _________ actions.

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A. Organ Dialect

B. Conscious

C. Organ Dialect and Unconscious

D. Organ Dialect and Conscious

E. Conscious and Unconscious

F. Unconcious

G. Conscious, Unconscious, and Organ Dialect

E. Conscious and Unconscious

It refers to the attitude of relatedness with humanity as well as empathy for each member of the human community.

Social Interest

The German term for Social Interest

A. Gemeinschaftsgefühl

B. Gemeinschaptsgefüh

C. Jemeinszhaftsgefühl

D. Gemeinschaftslefühl

E. Gemewnschaftsgefül

A. Gemeinschaftsgefühl

A person with well-developed social interest strives for _____ while those who are socially inept strives for ______.

success for all people in a community/ personal superiority.

Social interest is a necessity for perpetuating the human species. Which of the following is NOT an example of this?\\

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A. Without protection and nourishment from a father/mother, a baby would perish

B. Building healthy relationships with others through friendship.

C. Without protection from the family/clan, our ancestors would have been destroyed by animals that were stronger.

D. Homeowner’s Association

(Trick Question) E. None of the above

The following are mistaken styles of life that lead to an abnormal development EXCEPT:

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A. Ruling Type

B. Getting Type

C. Impulsive Type

D. Avoiding Type

E. None of the above

C. Impulsive Type

Isolated and possibly cold style of life.

Avoiding type

Dependent on others; has the tendency to be depressed. These are people who does little effort to solve their problems.

Getting Type

These people seek to dominate. They may be antisocial/high achievers.

Ruling Type

Style of Life is molded by people’s _______.

Creative Power

The strength of their striving after personal power is so great that they tend to push over anything/anybody who gets in their way.

Ruling Type

These are charming people and has the ability to manipulate others to satisfy their necessities.

Getting Type

They are the bullies from your childhood years.

Ruling Type

These people have the lowest levels of energy and only survive by essentially avoiding life – especially other people.

Avoiding Type

These are people who are susceptible to addiction or these are people who are addicts, alcoholics, and those who commit suicides.

Ruling Type

These are the type of people who are easily overwhelmed and immediately return to their own personal worlds when pushed to their limits.

Avoiding Type

_________ contribute to faulty lifestyle.

Basic Childhood Situations

These are not normal but not clinically diagnosable. Its symptoms are seen in people with an exaggerated trait.

Neurosis

Which of the following is NOT part of Adler’s notion of basic childhood situations that contribute to a faulty lifestyle?

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A. Isolated Style of Life

B. Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies

C. Pampered Style of Life

D. Neglected Style of Life

A. Isolated Style of Life

These people are overly concerned with themselves.

Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies

These people were abused and mistreated as a child.

Neglected Style of Life

These people have a parasitic relationship with one or both of their parents.

Pampered Style of Life

These are people who are entitled and privileged.

Pampered Style of Life

These people has trust issues.

Neglected Style of Life

These people think that life’s major problems can only be solved only in a selfish manner.

Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies

It is the heart of most neuroses and is characterized by extreme discouragement, indecisiveness, oversensitivity, impatience, an exaggerated anxiety.

Pampered Style of Life

These are people who has little confidence in themselves.

Neglected Style of Life

Which of the following is NOT a type of parental influence on personality development?

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A. Pampering

B. Neglect

C. Attentive

C. Attentive

This is a type of parental influence on personality development that gives little to no attention to the child.

Neglect

This is a type of parental influence on personality development that robs the child of independence and adds to feelings of inferiority.

Pampering

These are people who are incapable of warm personal relationships.

Neglected

TRUE OR FALSE: In Adlerian theory, people are usually aware of what they are doing and why they are doing it.

True

People create patterns of behavior to protect their exaggerated sense of self-esteem against public disgrace. What are these patterns called?

Safeguarding tendencies

These are the most common safeguarding tendencies.

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A. Excuses

B. Aggression

C. Accusation

D. Depreciation

A. Excuses

Some people use ____ to safeguard their exaggerated superiority complex, that is, to protect their fragile self-esteem.

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A. Excuses

B. Aggression

C. Accusation

D. Depreciation

B. Aggression

The following are forms of aggression EXCEPT:

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

C. Self-Depreciation

A form of aggression marked by self-torture and guilt. It is the converse of depreciation--people devalue themselves in order to inflict suffering on others while protecting their own magnified feelings of self-esteem.

Self-Accusation

A form of aggression that tends to undervalue other people’s achievements and overvalue one’s own.

Depreciation

A form of aggression that tends to blame others for one’s failures and to seek revenge.

Accusation

Some people unconsciously escape life’s problems by setting up a distance between themselves and those problems. Personality development can be halted when people run away from difficulties.

Withdrawal

The following are forms of withdrawal EXCEPT:

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A. Moving Backward

B. Passivity

C. Standing Still

D. Hesitating

E. Constructing Obstacles

B. Passivity

It is a form of withdrawal where people do not move in any direction; thus, they avoid all responsibility by ensuring themselves against any threat of failure.

Standing Still

A form of withdrawal in which a person create barriers to one's achievement to protect oneself from feelings of failure and preserve self-esteem

Constructing Obstacles

A form of withdrawal in which people revert to a more secure period of life.

Moving Backward

A form of withdrawal; a sign of a person's diminished courage to do what the situation requires.

Hesitating

Yes, I would like to go to college, but my children demand too much of my attention.

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A. Aggression

B. Excuses

C. Withdrawal

D. Depreciation

B. Excuses

If only my husband were more supportive, I would have advanced faster in my profession.

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A. Aggression

B. Excuses

C. Withdrawal

D. Depreciation

B. Excuses

Kung may pera ako, pinag-aral pa kita.

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A. Aggression

B. Excuses

C. Withdrawal

D. Depreciation

B. Excuses

I want to join the committee but I’m too busy.

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A. Aggression

B. Excuses

C. Withdrawal

D. Depreciation

B. Excuses

The only reason Kenneth got the job I applied for is because he is an African American.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

B. Depreciation

If you look closely, you’ll notice that Jill works hardest at avoiding work.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

B. Depreciation

Nagka-dos lang naman ako gawa nung report namin. ‘Di kasi nila inaral nang ayos.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

A. Accusation

Depression is hostility turned inwards.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

D. Self-Accusation

This is a safeguarding tendency in which people devalue themselves in order to inflict suffering on others while protecting their own magnified feelings of self-esteem.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

D. Self-Accusation

People who use this safeguarding tendency usually result in them being suicidal.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

D. Self-Accusation

Sa Starbucks nagrereview, tapos ang baba naman ng score sa exam.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

B. Deprecation

Sino ba naman ako para mahalin mo diba?

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

D. Self-Accusation

I wanted to be an artist, but my parents forced me to go to medical school. Now I have a job that makes me miserable.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

A. Accusation

It’s always my fault.

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A. Accusation

B. Deprecation

C. Self-Depreciation

D. Self-Accusation

D. Self-Accusation

No, I think I’ll just turn in for the night. You guys have fun tho.

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A. Moving Backward

B. Passivity

C. Standing Still

D. Hesitating

E. Constructing Obstacles

F. Depreciation

A. Moving Backward

Bahala na si Lord Susej.

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A. Moving Backward

B. Passivity

C. Standing Still

D. Hesitating

E. Constructing Obstacles

F. Depreciation

C. Standing Still

Miggy, stop taking your sister’s pacifier!

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A. Moving Backward

B. Passivity

C. Standing Still

D. Hesitating

E. Constructing Obstacles

F. Depreciation

A. Moving Backward

‘Di naman ako crush nan, bakit ako aamin?

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A. Moving Backward

B. Passivity

C. Standing Still

D. Hesitating

E. Constructing Obstacles

F. Depreciation

C. Standing Still

Mamayang eksaktong 9:00pm ko nalang gagawin.

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A. Moving Backward

B. Passivity

C. Standing Still

D. Hesitating

E. Constructing Obstacles

F. Depreciation

D. Hesitating

Cultural and social practices-not anatomy- influence many men and women to overemphasize the importance of being manly.

Masculine Protest

He was not a gifted writer, a limitation that may have prevented individual \n psychology from attaining a world recognition equal to Freud's psychoanalysis.

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A. good psychologist

B. good psychiatrist

C. good writer

D. good scientist

C. good writer

When did Adler leave the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society?

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A. 1910

B. 1911

C. 1912

D. 1913

B. 1911

What group did Adler start?

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A. Individual Psychology Society

B. Individual Society

C. Psychological Society for Individuality

D. Society for Individual Psychology

D. Society for Individual Psychology

In Adler’s view of some possible traits by birth order, which of the following positive trait/s is/are observed in the oldest child?

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A. Socially mature

B. Realistically ambitious

C. Highly motivated/Cooperative/Moderately Competitive

D. Nurturing and protective/Good Organizer

D. Nurturing and protective/Good Organizer

In Adler’s view of some possible traits by birth order, which of the following positive trait/s is/are observed in the only child?

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A. Socially mature

B. Realistically ambitious

C. Highly motivated/Cooperative/Moderately Competitive

D. Nurturing and protective/Good Organizer

A. Socially mature

In Adler’s view of some possible traits by birth order, which of the following positive trait/s is/are observed in the middle child?

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A. Socially mature

B. Realistically ambitious

C. Highly motivated/Cooperative/Moderately Competitive

D. Nurturing and protective/Good Organizer

C. Highly motivated/Cooperative/Moderately Competitive

In Adler’s view of some possible traits by birth order, which of the following positive trait/s is/are observed in the youngest child?

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A. Socially mature

B. Realistically ambitious

C. Highly motivated/Cooperative/Moderately Competitive

D. Nurturing and protective/Good Organizer

B. Realistically ambitious

In Adler’s view of some possible traits by birth order, which of the following negative traits are observed in the oldest child? Select seven only.

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A.    Highly anxious

B.    Inflated sense of self

C.    Exaggerated feelings of power

D.    Wants to excel in everything

E.     Fights for Acceptance

F.     Must always be "right," whereas others are always "wrong"

G.    Highly critical of others

H.    Exaggerated feelings of superiority

I.      Low feelings of cooperation

J.      Uncooperative

K.    Easily discouraged

L.     Pampered style of life

M.   Dependent on others

N.    Unconscious hostility

O.    Unrealistically ambitious

P.     Highly competitive

A, C, E, F, G, J, and N

In Adler’s view of some possible traits by birth order, which of the following negative traits are observed in the middle child? Select two only.

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A.    Highly anxious

B.    Inflated sense of self

C.    Exaggerated feelings of power

D.    Wants to excel in everything

E.     Fights for Acceptance

F.     Must always be "right," whereas others are always "wrong"

G.    Highly critical of others

H.    Exaggerated feelings of superiority

I.      Low feelings of cooperation

J.      Uncooperative

K.    Easily discouraged

L.     Pampered style of life

M.   Dependent on others

N.    Unconscious hostility

O.    Unrealistically ambitious

P.     Highly competitive

K and P

In Adler’s view of some possible traits by birth order, which of the following negative traits are observed in the youngest child? Select four only.

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A.    Highly anxious

B.    Inflated sense of self

C.    Exaggerated feelings of power

D.    Wants to excel in everything

E.     Fights for Acceptance

F.     Must always be "right," whereas others are always "wrong"

G.    Highly critical of others

H.    Exaggerated feelings of superiority

I.      Low feelings of cooperation

J.      Uncooperative

K.    Easily discouraged

L.     Pampered style of life

M.   Dependent on others

N.    Unconscious hostility

O.    Unrealistically ambitious

P.     Highly competitive

D, L, M, and O