Atomic Structure

Flashcards about atoms and their components based on lecture notes.

What is an atom?

The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.

What is the charge and location of a proton?

Positive (+), located inside the nucleus.

What determines which element an atom is?

The number of protons.

What is the charge and location of a neutron?

Neutral (0), located inside the nucleus.

What is the main function of neutrons?

Help hold the nucleus together and affect the atom's mass.

What is the charge and location of an electron?

Negative (-), located outside the nucleus in the electron cloud.

What is the primary role of electrons?

Involved in chemical reactions and bonding.

What does the old model (orbits) suggest about electron movement?

Electrons move in perfect circular paths (orbits or shells) around the nucleus.

What is the modern model (electron cloud) of electron movement?

Electrons zoom around areas called electron clouds, not in fixed paths.

What is a memory trick for remembering the charge of a proton?

Pro = positive

What is a memory trick for remembering the charge of a neutron?

Neutral like a referee

What is a memory trick for remembering the charge of an electron?

Electric = negative