4453 Psychopathology Exam 3/Final - Personality Disorder Slides

What is the general prevalence of personality disorders?

10-14% of gen population

What disorders are in Cluster A

Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal

What disorders are in Cluster B

Antisocial, Boderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic

What disorders are in Cluster C

Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive

Core feature of Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness.

Name key symptoms of Paranoid PD.

Suspects exploitation, doubts loyalty, reluctant to confide, reads hidden threats, bears grudges, perceives attacks, jealous without justification.

Common associated features of Paranoid PD?

Hostility, social isolation.

Treatment approach for Paranoid PD?

Supportive therapy; insight is limited.

Key exam clue for Paranoid PD?

Suspicious but not psychotic.

Core feature of Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Detachment from relationships and emotional coldness.

Name key symptoms of Schizoid PD.

No desire for relationships, solitary activities, little interest in sex, few pleasures, no close friends, indifferent to praise, flat affect.

Key exam clue for Schizoid PD?

Prefers solitude and emotional distance.

Core feature of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Social deficits with cognitive/perceptual distortions.

Name key symptoms of Schizotypal PD.

Ideas of reference, magical thinking, unusual perceptions, odd speech, paranoia, odd appearance, inappropriate affect, social anxiety.

Schizotypal PD is most closely related to which disorder?

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Treatment for Schizotypal PD?

Low-dose antipsychotics and social skills training.

Key exam clue for Schizotypal PD?

Eccentric, odd beliefs, but not fully psychotic.

Core feature of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Disregard for and violation of others’ rights.

Minimum age requirement for ASPD diagnosis?

Age 18, with Conduct Disorder before age 15.

Name key symptoms of ASPD.

Criminal behavior, deceitfulness, impulsivity, aggression, recklessness, irresponsibility, lack of remorse.

What personality trait is notably absent in ASPD?

Empathy.

Prevalence of ASPD in North America?

Approximately 2–3 million people.

Biological findings in ASPD?

Reduced amygdala and prefrontal cortex functioning.

Treatment effectiveness for ASPD?

Very limited; focus on impulse control.

Key exam clue for ASPD?

Charm plus cruelty with no guilt.

Core feature of Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking.

Name key symptoms of HPD.

Center of attention, sexually provocative behavior, shallow emotions, dramatic expression, impressionistic speech, suggestibility.

Key exam clue for HPD?

Flirtatious, theatrical behavior.

Core feature of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Grandiosity and lack of empathy.

Name key symptoms of NPD.

Grandiosity, fantasies of success, entitlement, exploitation, need for admiration, lack of empathy, arrogance.

What interpersonal tactic is common in NPD?

Gaslighting.

Key exam clue for NPD?

Inflated ego with hypersensitivity to criticism.

Core feature of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Instability in relationships, self-image, and mood.

Name key symptoms of BPD.

Fear of abandonment, unstable relationships, identity disturbance, impulsivity, self-harm, mood instability, emptiness, anger, dissociation.

What defense mechanism is common in BPD?

Splitting.

Gold-standard treatment for BPD?

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).

Key exam clue for BPD?

Intense emotions with self-harm and unstable identity.

Core feature of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Social inhibition and fear of rejection.

Key exam clue for Avoidant PD?

Wants relationships but avoids them.

Core feature of Dependent Personality Disorder?

Excessive need to be taken care of.

Key exam clue for Dependent PD?

Submissive, clingy, fears being alone.

Key difference between OCPD and OCD?

OCPD is ego-syntonic; OCD is ego-dystonic.

Key exam clue for OCPD?

Rigid, controlling, work-focused.