GIVE ME LIBERTY - CH.7

GML Chapter 7. APUSH Flashcards , Period 4

Articles of Confederation

First government framework for the US (1781-1788)

Land Ordinance of 1785

regulated land sales in area North of the Ohio river valley (old northwest) land was divided in 640 acre plots and sold 1 dollar per acre

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Created northwest territory and established conditions for self government + statehood

included a Bill of rights + permanently prohibited slavery

Shays’s Rebellion

Attempt by MA Farmer Daniel Shays + 1.2K Fellow Farmers

seeking debt relief thru issuing paper $ $ + lower taxes to prevent courts From seizing property From Farmers in debt

Thomas Jefferson

Author of Declaration of independence, wasn’t alarmed by Shays Rebellion

James Madison

AKA Father of the constitution, disciple and ally of Thomas Jefferson, thought deeply about the nature of political freedom.

Constitutional Convention

Meeting In Philadelphia of representatives from 12 colonies (minus Rhode Is.) to revise the existing Articles of confederation

the convention soon resolved to a new constitution

Virginia Plan

Delegation to the Constitutional conventions plan for a strong central government and two house legislature dived/apportioned by a population

New Jersey Plan

NJ’s delegation to the Constitutional conventions plan for ONE legislative body with equal representation for each state.

George Mason

(AKA father of the Bill of Rights)Anti federalist who refused to sign the constitution because it did not have a bill of rights

Bill of Rights

FIrst 10 amendments of the US Constitution, adopted in 1791 to guarantee individual rights against judgement by the federal government.

What document reinforced the idea that concentrated national power was a threat to freedom?

The Bill of Rights

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided in the central government and the states.

Division of Powers

Division of political power between state and federal governments under the US constitution (AKA federalism)

Separation of Powers

Feature of the Constitution in which power is separated between the executive,legislative, and judicial branches of the national government so no one dominates the other.

Checks and Balances

Systematic balance to prevent any one government branch of the national government from dominating the other two.

“Extraterritoriality”

The condition of bondage for a slave remained even if they escaped to a state where slavery was abolished.

Alexander Hamilton

Part of the Federalist party, Primary author of the federalist papers

John Jay

First chief justice of the supreme court, wrote the federalist papers

The Federalists Papers

Collection of 85 essays that appeared in the NY press in 1787

Who wrote the federalist papers?

Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison

Under what pseudonym were the federalist papers published?

Publius

The Anti

Federalists

Anti Federalist Papers

Collection of 85 essays that appeared in the NY press in 1787-1788 in support of the Constitution

Treaty of Greenville, 1795

Treaty under which representatives of the 12 native nations gave up most of Ohio and Indiana to the federal government

What Caused the Treaty of Greenville?

US and Native tribes fighting over American expansion into Northwest territory following the revolutionary war.

Annuity System

System of yearly payments to the Native American nation by which the federal government justified its interference in Indian tribal affairs.

Assimilation

Series of efforts by the United States to assimilate natives to mainstream American culture.

Gradual Emancipation

Series of acts passed in state legislatures in the North in years following the Revolutionary war that freed slaves after they reached a certain age following lengthy "apprenticeships"

Henry Knox

First secretary of war, hoped to deal with natives with minimal warfare.

Ohio Confederacy/Miami Confederacy

Led by Little turtle, Native victory over American forces, Little turtle was later defeated by the US.

Colonization

Establishment of control over foreign territories, involving settlement, resource exploitation, and cultural imposition.

What was the first written constitution/government framework of the United States?

Articles of Confederation

The Virginia Plan favored _ states

BIG

New Jersey Plan favored ____ states

SMALL