EEN21 - Analyzer & Position Measurement

Analysis

is the process of measuring the physical, chemical, or electrical properties of chemical compounds

Analyzer

is an instrument used to provide an analysis of a sample from a process

On-line Analyzer

is an instrument that is located in the process area and obtains frequent or continuous samples from the process

Analyzer Sampling System

is a system of piping, valves, and other equipment that is used to extract a sample from a process stream, condition it if necessary, and convey it to an analyzer

Representative Sample

is a sample from a process in which the composition of the sample is the same as in the process piping

Sample Transportation Lags

is the time that it takes for a sample to get from the process through the final analysis

Thermal Conductivity Analyzer (TCA)

is a gas analyzer that measures the concentration of a single gas in a sample by comparing its ability to conduct heat to that of a reference gas

Radiant Energy Absorption

is a gas analyzer that uses the principle that different gases absorb different, very specific, wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation in IR or UV regions of the electromagnetic spectrum

1. Nondispersive Infrared Analyzer

2. Ultraviolet Analyzer

Enumerate the types of radiant energy absorption analyzer

Nondispersive Infrared Analyzer

is a radiant-energy absorption analyzer consisting of an IR electromagnetic radiation source, an IR detector, and two IR absorption chambers

Ultraviolet Analyzer

is a radiant-energy absorption analyzer consisting of a UV electromagnetic radiation source, a sample cell, and a detector that measures the absorption of UV radiation by specific molecules

Flue gas

is the gaseous waste product from a combustion process, such as burning fuel in industrial furnaces or power plants, and is released through a flue (chimney)

Combustion

The chemical process of rapid oxidation and burning of a fuel to produce heat, light, and often smoke

Flue-gas stack

also known as smokestack or chimney stack, a type of chimney through which flue gases are exhausted to the outside air

1. Paramagnetic Oxygen Analyzer 

2. Thermoparamagnetic Oxygen Analyzer

3. Zirconium Oxide Oxygen Analyzer

4. Electrochemical Oxygen Analyzer

Enumerate the types of oxygen analyzer

Paramagnetic Oxygen Analyzer

an analyzer consisting of two diamagnetic spheres filled with nitrogen that are connected with a bar to form a “dumb bell shaped” assembly

Thermoparamagnetic Oxygen Analyzer

An analyzer consisting of a sensing head that uses magnetic fields to generate a “magnetic wind” that carries the oxygen-containing gas sample through a sample cell and across a pair of thermistors

Zirconium Oxide Oxygen Analyzer

An analyzer that measures an electric current generated when the analyzer is subjected to different oxygen concentrations on opposite sides of an electrode

Electrochemical Oxygen Analyzer

An analyzer that measures an electric current generated by the reaction of oxygen with an electrolytic reagent

Hydrogen-Specific Gas Analyzer

This is used to measure hydrogen concentrations of 0.5% to multiple atmospheres

Opacity Analyzer

an analyzer to measure the received light intensity

1. Single-Pass Design

2. Double-Pass Design

Enumerate the type of Opacity Analyzer

Humidity

is the amount of water vapor in a given volume of air or other gases

Humidity Analyzer

An instrument that measures the amount of humidity in air

Absolute Humidity or Humidity Ratio

is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air

Relative Humidity

is the ratio of the actual amount of water vapor in the air to the maximum amount of water vapor possible at the same temperature

Saturated air

is a mixture of water and air where the relative humidity is 100%

Specific Humidity

is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air plus moisture

Dry Bulb Temperature

Is the ambient air temperature measured by a thermometer that is freely exposed to the air but shielded from other heating or cooling effects

Wet Bulb Temperature

is the lowest temperature that can be obtained through the cooling effect of water evaporating into the atmosphere

Dewpoint

is the temperature to which air must be cooled for the air to be saturated with water and any further cooling results in water condensing out

Psychometric Chart

Is a graph that graphically combines the properties of moist air at standard atmospheric pressure