Cell Injury: Intracellular Accommodations, The Nucleus, Necrosis, and Apoptosis

Flashcards covering intracellular accumulations, nuclear structure, and the basics of cell death (necrosis vs. apoptosis), including types of necrosis and key features observed in each process.

What exogenous material is associated with intracellular coal particle accumulation (anthracosis)?

Coal particles (anthracosis).

Name an endogenous metabolite that can accumulate in tissues.

Hemosiderin.

Which endogenous substance related to lipid accumulation is mentioned in the notes?

Lipids.

What is the essential component of most living cells?

The nucleus.

What molecules are contained in the nucleus?

DNA, RNA, and nuclear proteins.

Name a major nuclear component visible under an electron microscope that forms the boundary of the nucleus.

Nuclear membrane.

What is formed from chromatin during mitosis?

Chromosomes.

Which nuclear structure is responsible for ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly?

Nucleolus.

What are the two forms of cell death?

Necrosis and apoptosis.

How is necrosis defined?

Localized death of cells or tissues in living organisms.

How is apoptosis defined?

Programmed death of single cells within living organisms.

Which type of necrosis is the most common?

Coagulative necrosis.

Which necrosis type occurs in the brain?

Liquefactive necrosis.

Which necrosis is associated with tuberculosis?

Caseous necrosis.

Which type of necrosis occurs in acute pancreatitis?

Enzymatic fat necrosis.

In necrosis, does a group of cells die or a single cell die?

Necrosis involves a group of cells; apoptosis involves a single cell.

What are apoptotic bodies?

Membrane-bound fragments of cells produced during apoptosis.

What process can be triggered by suicide gene activation?

Apoptosis (programmed cell death).

Which cell type typically phagocytoses apoptotic bodies?

Macrophages.

What cytoplasmic feature is commonly observed during apoptosis?

Cytoplasmic fragmentation.