Levels of organisation and cell structure

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28 Terms

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Organelle

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

<p>A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell</p>
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Cell

smallest unit of life

<p>smallest unit of life</p>
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Tissue

A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

<p>A group of similar cells that perform the same function.</p>
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Organ

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialised function of the body

<p>A collection of tissues that carry out a specialised function of the body</p>
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Organ system

group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

<p>group of organs that work together to perform a specific function</p>
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contract

Become shorter. Muscles contract and relax to allow movement.

<p>Become shorter. Muscles contract and relax to allow movement.</p>
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magnification

The amount that an image of something is scaled up when viewed through a microscope.

<p>The amount that an image of something is scaled up when viewed through a microscope.</p>
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organism

Living entity, eg animals, plants or microorganisms.

<p>Living entity, eg animals, plants or microorganisms.</p>
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vacuole

A space within the cytoplasm of plant cells that contains cell sap.

<p>A space within the cytoplasm of plant cells that contains cell sap.</p>
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Cytoplasm

A jellylike fluid inside the cell where most of the chemical reactions happen

<p>A jellylike fluid inside the cell where most of the chemical reactions happen</p>
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Nucleus

Contains genetic material which controls the cell's activities

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Cell membrane

Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

<p>Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell</p>
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Mitochondria

Where most energy is released in respiration

<p>Where most energy is released in respiration</p>
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Ribosome

Where protein synthesis happens

<p>Where protein synthesis happens</p>
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Chloroplasts

Absorb light energy for photosynthesis

<p>Absorb light energy for photosynthesis</p>
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Cell wall

Strengthens the cell and supports the plant

<p>Strengthens the cell and supports the plant</p>
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Permanent vacuole

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid

<p>Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid</p>
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Specialised cells

Cells that are adapted to carry out a particular function

<p>Cells that are adapted to carry out a particular function</p>
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protein fibres

Cells in muscle that can contract (become shorter)

<p>Cells in muscle that can contract (become shorter)</p>
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Cilliated cells

Cells with little "hairs" on them. Help move things along your trachea

<p>Cells with little "hairs" on them. Help move things along your trachea</p>
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Red Blood Cells (RBC) function

Blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.

<p>Blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.</p>
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Red Blood Cells (RBC) structure

Cells that contain haemoglobin, have no nucleus, is biconcave and flexible

<p>Cells that contain haemoglobin, have no nucleus, is biconcave and flexible</p>
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Root hair cell function

Absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil.

<p>Absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil.</p>
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Root hair cell adaptations

Large surface area to volume ratio, long thin extension, no chloroplasts

<p>Large surface area to volume ratio, long thin extension, no chloroplasts</p>
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Xylem vessel function

transports water in the plant, supports the plant

<p>transports water in the plant, supports the plant</p>
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Xylem vessel adaptations

Strong, water proof cell walls. Form a continuous tube.

<p>Strong, water proof cell walls. Form a continuous tube.</p>
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Calculating Magnification

size of image / actual size of specimen

<p>size of image / actual size of specimen</p>
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Calculating actual size of a biological specimen

Measured size / magnification

<p>Measured size / magnification</p>