Work Done and Energy

These flashcards cover key concepts related to work done and energy transfers in physics.

A measure of energy transfer when a force acts on an object over a distance.

Work Done

Hooke's Law

States that the extension of a material is directly proportional to the force applied, within its elastic limit.

Gravitational Potential Energy (PE)

The energy possessed by an object due to its position in a gravitational field.

Kinetic Energy (KE)

The energy an object has due to its motion.

Conservation of Energy

The principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed or transferred.

Friction

The resistance force that acts against the motion of an object.

Force-Extension Graph

A graph that shows the relationship between the force applied to a spring and its extension.

Crumple Zone

A section of a vehicle designed to deform and absorb energy during a collision to enhance passenger safety.

Seat Belt

Safety device that secures a passenger in a vehicle, reducing the risk of injury during a crash.

Energy Transferred

The total amount of energy that is moved from one form to another through work done.

Extension (x)

The amount a spring stretches beyond its original length when a force is applied.

Spring Constant (k)

A measure of the stiffness of a spring, defined as the force required to extend it by one unit of length.

Work Equation

Work is calculated as W = F x d, where W is work done, F is force, and d is distance.

Potential Energy Loss (PEloss)

The decrease in gravitational potential energy as an object falls.

Air Resistance

A type of friction that acts against a moving object, often reducing its speed and energy.

Elastic Potential Energy (EPE)

The energy stored in a stretched spring, calculated as EPE = 1/2 F x.