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33 Terms
1
Tissue
An organized group of cells that have features in common & that works as a structural & functional unit
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2
Meristematic Tissue
actively dividing
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3 types of Meristematic Tissue
apical, lateral, intercalary
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apical meristem
enable plant to grow in length (at tips of stems & roots)
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5
Lateral
causes plant to grow in width (produces wood & bark)
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intercalary meristem
only in monocots at bases of leaf blades & nodes (where leaf attaches to stem)
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Permanent Tissue
no longer actively dividing, differentiated cells
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3 types of permanent tissue
dermal, ground, vascular
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Meristems; Localized regions of cells division
cells in these regions are called initials / comparable to stem cells in animals / when a cell divides, one daughter cell differentiates the other remains on initial cell
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apical meristem (Location of Initials) creates the primary meristems
Protoderm, Ground meristems, procambium
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Primary meristems creates the 3 tissue systems
Dermal, Ground, Vascular
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Dermal Tissue System Pt 1.
Outer covering of the plant / Epidermis / Single cell layer or several layers
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Dermal Tissue System Pt 2.
Has many different cell types including: Guard Cells / Form stomata / Secreting cell secrete cuticle which protects stems & leaves from water loss
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Vascular Tissue System Pt 1.
Plant's plumbing or transport system / Has two different tissues (Xylem & Phloem)
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Xylem
Distributes water & mineral ions taken up by the roots to stem & leaves
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Phloem Pt 1.
Can perform a variety of functions / Transport, support, and storage
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Phloem Pt 2.
Sites of production (mainly leaves) to sites of utilization (or storage) / Sites of storage (growing tissue, storage tubers or developing flowers) to sites of utilization
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Vascular Tissue System Pt 2. (Phloem)
are alive / transport carbohydrates to tissue that uses or stores them / ends have plasmodesmata / filled with phloem sap / water, sugar, and other solutes
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Vascular Tissue System Pt 3. (Xylem)
Conduct water & minerals after apoptosis / Empty cell walls
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Ground Tissue System
Involved with storage, support, photosynthesis & production of defensive & attractive substances / Many types of cells
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Roots
picks up water & minerals / some store nutrients (tap) / Typically lack photosynthesis even when placed in light / Apical meristem is found near top of root (primary growth)
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Stems Pt 1. (Function)
Elevate & support reproductive & photosynthetic organs
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Stems Pt 2. (leaves are at nodes)
point of attachment
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Stems Pt 3. (Internodes)
Regions in between nodes
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Stem Pt 4.
Xylem & phloem are found in vascular bundles
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Stem Pt 5. (Buds: embryonic shoots that result in the new growth
Axillary bud (lateral bud) / Where each leaf meets the stem / if activated will develop into a branch
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Stem Pt 6. (Apical bud (terminal bud))
at the tip of each stem or branch / produces cells for upward and/or outward growth
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growth in stems Pt 1.
Apical meristems / results in primary growth / elongation
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growth in stems Pt 2.
Lateral meristems (produces wood, bark, & cork), In eudicots, increases width of plant (secondary growth)
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Wood
Trunks are mature stems / Annual rings (seen in temperate zone forest trees / due to seasonal changes)
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Leaves Pt 1.
Responsible for most photosynthesis / leaf structure
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Leaves Pt 2. (Blades)
thin, flat structure attached to stem / great for gathering sunlight
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