Skeletal system

Musculoskeletal system

Two systems that work together to support the body and allow movement of the animal

Red bone marrow

Makes red blood cells

Bone Matrix

Osteoblast

Osteocyte

Axial skeleton

Function of bone

Support

protection

leverage

storage

blood cell formation

Dorsal

Towards the spine

Ventral

Towards the floor like abdomen

Claudio

From tail down (mid back down)

Plantar

Back legs that touches the ground

Palmar

The front feet touching the ground

Cranial

Towards the head (mid back up)

Proximal

Closer to the top of the body from front arms for LIMBS only

Types of bones

Flat bones

Short bones

Long bones

Irregular bones

Other

Axial skeleton

Vertebrae

Spinal processes

Mandible

Hyoid bone

Sternum

8 little bones

Starts with Manubrium in cranial ends with Xiphoid

For paws

1st digit is the declaw goes from there 5 digits

Metacarpal are line the longness of the fingers

Proximal phalanges next bone after metacarpal

Middle phalanges after proximal

Distal phalanges is the nail/toe

Fetlock For horses

Three types of joints

Fibrous

Cartilaginous

Synovial

Fibrous

Do not allow for movement

,

Synovial

Freely moveable joints

,

Ligaments vs tendons

Both are thick bands of connective tissue

Ligaments join bones to other bones

Tendons join bone to muscle

Cartilage

A form of connective tissue that is more elastic than bone