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Musculoskeletal system
Two systems that work together to support the body and allow movement of the animal
Red bone marrow
Makes red blood cells
Bone Matrix
Osteoblast
Osteocyte
Axial skeleton
Function of bone
Support
protection
leverage
storage
blood cell formation
Dorsal
Towards the spine
Ventral
Towards the floor like abdomen
Claudio
From tail down (mid back down)
Plantar
Back legs that touches the ground
Palmar
The front feet touching the ground
Cranial
Towards the head (mid back up)
Proximal
Closer to the top of the body from front arms for LIMBS only
Types of bones
Flat bones
Short bones
Long bones
Irregular bones
Other
Axial skeleton
Vertebrae
Spinal processes
Mandible
Hyoid bone
Sternum
8 little bones
Starts with Manubrium in cranial ends with Xiphoid
For paws
1st digit is the declaw goes from there 5 digits
Metacarpal are line the longness of the fingers
Proximal phalanges next bone after metacarpal
Middle phalanges after proximal
Distal phalanges is the nail/toe
Fetlock For horses
Three types of joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Fibrous
Do not allow for movement
,
Synovial
Freely moveable joints
,
Ligaments vs tendons
Both are thick bands of connective tissue
Ligaments join bones to other bones
Tendons join bone to muscle
Cartilage
A form of connective tissue that is more elastic than bone