Exam 1 - Salter Harris Fx, Avascular Necrosis of bone, osteomyelitis

what individuals do Salter-Harris Fractures occur in

those with open growth plates

Describe a type I Salter-Harris Fracture

straight through growth plate

favorable prognosis

who is Type I Salter-Harris Fracture most common in

adolescents

describe type II Salter-Harris Fracture

through growth plate and metaphysis

favorable prognosis

describe type III Salter-Harris Fracture

through growth plate and epiphysis

describe type IV Salter-Harris Fracture

through metaphysis, epiphysis, and growth plate

poor prognosis

describe type V Salter-Harris Fracture

crush injury to growth plate

which Salter-Harris Fracture has the worst prognosis

type V

which Salter-Harris Fracture is the most common

Type II

which Salter-Harris Fracture may appear as normal on x-ray because there is no displacement

type I

where is avascular necrosis of the bone most common

knee and hip

collapse of subchondral bone is known as ____ and this may be caused by what condition

osteochondritis dissecans

avascular necrosis of bone

what are 3 things that may cause AVN

mechanical trauma, thrombotic occlusion, extravascular compression

who is AVN most common in

30-50 year olds

what are risk factors for AVN

vascular injury

prolonged corticosteroid use

systemic vascular pathology

thrombosis

idiopathic

pediatric avascular necrosis of the hip is known as what

legg-calve-perthes disease

what is osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone marrow

what are the 4 main ways in which infection can cause osteomyelitis

hematogenous - children

adjacent infection- adults

implantation - adults

IV drug use

the most common type of osteomyelitis is known as ____ and is caused by what bacteria

pyogenic

staph aureus

the second type of osteomyelitis is known as mycobacterial and is due to a ___ infection which spreads due to advanced age and immune suppression

TB

what is involucrum

reactive bone which surrounds infected bone

what is sequestrum

entrapped necrotic bone

Pott Disease is specific to what

TB of the spine, mycobacterial osteomyelitis