Carbohydrates

Information through Carbohydrates note. I am not responsible for any misinformation. Best used if you click: Learn -> options -> turn on: "written only", "answer with term", and "shuffle terms"

ose

what is the suffix usually at the end of a sugar

Monosaccharides

Single units of sugars are known as?

OH

what are the hydrocarbon chains of sugars usually studded with?

carbonyl

what functional group is always found in a sugar? (hint: not hydroxyl)

121

(just type number no space)

What is the ratio of C:H:O in sugars?

S

Quick note (press s to skip):

Functions:

Fuel for cell respiration

Energy storage

Structural Components

Cell surface markers

Glucose

Molecular formula: C6 H12 O6

What is this also known as?

Isomers

______________ are molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structures

Glucose

What is the main carbohydrate used in cell respiration

rings

what shape are sugars almost always found in?

Alpha

Is this the alpha or beta glucose molecule?

Beta

Is this the alpha or beta glucose molecule?

Disaccharides

the name when 2 monosaccharides combine

Glycosidic Linkage

The oxygen bridge between two monosaccharides is called?

Dehydration Synthesis

2 monosaccharides joining to create a disaccharide requires the process known as?

Sucrose

Glucose + Fructose = ?

Lactose

Galactose + Glucose = ?

Maltose

Glucose + Glucose = ?

Alpha

what type of glucose polymer (alpha or beta) focuses on energy storage

Beta

what type of glucose polymer (alpha or beta) focuses on structure

Beta

What glucose polymer makes lots of H-bonds?

Glycogen

Type of alpha polymer that is stored in the body and used when the body needs a quick boost of energy, or if the body is in need of food.

Starch

Type of alpha polymer that is usually found in plants and is used for energy storage.

away

On an alpha-glucose molecule, does the -OH group point at you or away from you? (at or away)

at

On a beta-glucose molecule, does the -OH group point at you or away from you? (at or away)

Polysaccharides

starch is an example of? (what kind of saccharide)

release

Polysaccharides cost little energy to build and they are easily reversible, which means they can ________ energy.

faster

the more branches a molecule is, the (faster/slower) it will release glucose units for use in cell respiration

Cellulose

Indigestible substance that plants have

Beta

is cellulose a(n) alpha or beta polymer?

H-bonds

what is the key feature that Cellulose and Chitin have?

Chitin

A sugar found in the cells walls of fungi and shells of arthropods

NH2

for Chitin, what functional group replaces an -OH

Hydrolysis

The reaction that breaks disaccharides into two monosaccharides is called?

Right

Which glucose is the most common? (left or right)