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Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Psychological conditions affecting how the brain develops, especially during early childhood, influencing thinking, learning, social behavior, and self-regulation.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that must last at least 6 months and appear before age 12.

Symptoms of Inattention

Difficulty focusing on tasks, frequently losing things, being easily distracted, and forgetful with daily activities.

Symptoms of Hyperactivity

Constant movement, fidgeting, tapping, and talking excessively.

Symptoms of Impulsivity

Interrupting conversations, acting without thinking, and having trouble waiting their turn.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits, stereotyped behaviors, and sensory sensitivities.

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Abnormal behaviors added to an individual’s experience, such as delusions and hallucinations.

Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Normal behaviors that are lacking or diminished, such as flat affect and catatonic stupor.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness, hopelessness, and cognitive and physical changes that impair daily functioning.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)

A chronic, low-grade depression lasting at least 2 years with milder symptoms than Major Depressive Disorder.

Bipolar I Disorder

A mood disorder characterized by at least one full manic episode lasting at least 1 week, often accompanied by depressive episodes.

Bipolar II Disorder

A mood disorder characterized by at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

A condition characterized by prolonged, excessive worry about various topics, accompanied by physical tension.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) aimed at reducing anxiety.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states that control a person's behavior at different times.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A disorder that develops after exposure to a traumatic event, characterized by symptoms such as flashbacks, avoidance, and hyper vigilance.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by significant food intake restriction, intense fear of gaining weight, and distorted body image.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder involving recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging to prevent weight gain.

Personality Disorders

Enduring, rigid patterns of thinking and behavior that deviate from cultural norms and cause significant distress or impairment.

Cluster A Personality Disorders

Characterized by odd or eccentric behaviors, including Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal Personality Disorders.

Cluster B Personality Disorders

Characterized by dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors, including Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic Personality Disorders.

Cluster C Personality Disorders

Characterized by anxious or fearful behaviors, including Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders.