Human Body Systems Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts across the muscular, nervous, skeletal, and integumentary body systems.

Types of Muscle Tissue

Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.

Skeletal Muscle

Muscle attached mainly to bones that produces voluntary movement.

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary muscle found in organs and blood vessels.

Cardiac Muscle

Muscle found only in the heart.

Muscle Contraction

Muscle fibers generate tension/force, often producing movement.

Muscle's Origin

Usually the less movable attachment.

Muscle's Insertion

Usually the more movable attachment.

Neuron

A nerve cell specialized to receive and transmit information.

Functions of the Skeletal System

Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood-cell production.

Axial Skeleton

Bones along the body's central axis: skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum.

Appendicular Skeleton

Bones of the arms, legs, shoulders, and pelvis.

Joint

Where two or more bones meet.

Tibia

The larger, medial lower-leg bone.

Fibula

The smaller, lateral lower-leg bone.

Integumentary System

Skin, hair, nails, and glands.

Epidermis

The outer layer of skin.

Dermis

The layer under the epidermis containing blood vessels, nerves, glands, etc.

Hypodermis

The layer under the skin, containing mainly connective and fat tissue.

Melanin

Gives skin pigment and helps protect against UV radiation.

Sweat Glands

Produce sweat to help regulate body temperature.