HOSA CPR 2

What organ stores and concentrates bile?

Gallbladder

What is the main function of the integumentary system?

Infection control

What is a tearing away of the skin called?

Avulsion

What do you do for an evisceration? (Organ protruding from abd wound.)

Cover with moist dressings.

What type of wound is more prone to tetanus?

Puncture

What is the transparent part of the front of the eye called?

Cornea

What don't you do when using an AED?

Wet pads

What position do you use for a CVA?

Semi- Fowlers

What position do you use for eye flushing?

Head tilted towards affected side, and from inner canthus to outer canthus.

How long do you flush an eye?

15-30 minutes

What do you do if you have a patient with a knife protruding?

Immobilize it

What system transports Oxygen to every cell in the body?

Circulatory

How many fingers do you use in infant CPR?

2

What is the hand technique in 2-person infant CPR?

2 thumb circling

What is the ratio of compressions to breaths in infant & child 2-PERSON CPR?

15:2

If a child is drowning and is 100ft from shore, what should you do?

Take a boat.

What do you do to minimize gastric distention?

Maintain open airway, Limit ventilation volumes, Deliver breaths slowly, Recheck airway, DO NOT attempt to expel stomach contents

What is ththe plane that divides body into right and left?

Mid- Sagittal

What muscle goes from the spine around to the chest and extends and adducts the upper arm?

Latissimus Dorsi

What is the basic unit of structure of life?

Protoplasm

If someone is having problems with their speech, what system is involved?

Nervous System..... Stroke

What is the tough outer covering of a bone called?

Periosteum

Someone falls and you can't feel a pulse, what do you suspect?

Fracture

What is the first step in controlling bleeding?

Direct pressure with gauze

What position do you put someone who is in shock?

Supine with legs elevated 12"

A superficial burn with minor pain is what type of burn?

1st degree

What do you do for heat cramps?

Massage & give sips of water

What do you do if you suspect frost bite?

Move victim to a warm place, and place affected area in warm water (about 100-105*F)

What attaches bone to bone?

Ligament

What attaches muscle to bone?

Tendon

How do you protect yourself when controlling bleeding?

Gloves

What is the highest part of the brain?

Cerebrum

What does activated charcoal do?

Soak up poison

What part of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

Right ventricle

What do you do before using an AED on a child?

2 minutes of CPR

What is the microscopic filter in the kidney?

Nephron

What is the name of the bone on the thumb side of the forearm?

Radius

What is the treatment for a strain?

RICE

R - rest

I - ice

C - compression

E - elevation

What is the position for a nosebleed?

Lean slightly forward, pinch nose for 10 minutes, apply non chemical ice pack to bridge of nose

What classifies a life threatening burn?

* difficulty breathing
* burn covers more than one body part or large surface area
* victim is younger than 5, or older than 60
* burns from chemical, explosions, or electricity
* burns to mouth or nose

Aspirin for heart attack

Give 2 chewable ASA (162 mg) or 1 adult ASA (325 mg)

\*\*unless they are allergic to ASA, have an ulcer, or are taking blood thinners

What does FAST stand for? And what is it used in?

Used for strokes.

F - face

A - arm

S - speech

T - time

How do you give nitroglycerin to a patient with history of angina? (angina is a type of chest pain/ discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to heart muscle)

Have the patient sit/ lie and give 1 nitro sublingual every 3-5 minutes, up to a total of 3 nitros. Call 911 if pain is still unrelieved

What do you do after the AED delivers a shock?

Resume CPR. After 2 minutes of CPR, repeat analyze & clear, clear & shock

What are the universal steps in operating an AED?

1. Power on
2. Attach electrode pads
3. Clear and analyze
4. Clear and shock

What is the rate for infant rescue breathing?

I breath every 3-5 seconds. (12-20 per minute)

What is the rate for child rescue breathing?

1 breath every 3-5 seconds. (12-20 per minute)

What is the rate for adult rescue breathing?

1 breath every 5-6 seconds. (10-12 per minute)

What is the ventilation rate when a victim has an advanced airway?

1 breath every 6-8 seconds, for any age group. (8-10 breaths per minute)

You should limit interruption of compressions to what time?

Less than 10 seconds

How deep should you compress the chest in an ADULT?

At least 2 inches

How deep should you compress the chest in a CHILD?

About 1/3 the depth of their chest, or about 1.5 inches

How deep should you compress the chest in an INFANT?

About 1/3 the depth of the chest, or about 1.5 inches.

Symptoms of shock?

Pale skin, low BP, fast pulse

What could be a complication of a bag mask?

Getting a tight seal

What method of AED is preferred in an infant?

Manual. Pediatric pads or adult pads as last resort.

What is the CPR sequence?

C-A-B. (Circulation, Airway, Breathing.)

How do you open the airway in an adult, infant, or child if you DO NOT suspect a neck/ spinal injury?

Head tilt- chin lift

How do you open the airway in an adult, infant, or child if you DO suspect a neck/ spinal injury?

Jaw thrust

What is agonal breathing?

Ineffective breathing; an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by shallow, slow (3-4 per minute), irregular restorations. Followed by irregular pauses.

What should you do if there is a hurricane warning?

Evacuate as soon as possible

What is the treatment for a dislocated finger?

Same as a fracture.... Immobilize it in the position found. DO NOT REDUCE

What do you do when a conscious choking victim goes unconscious?

Call 911, ease to floor, give chest compressions, look for object, attempt breaths

What do you do for a dry chemical burn?

Brush off of the skin with gloved hand and then flush with large amounts of water. (Don't get in eyes, remove any contaminated clothing or jewelry.)

What do you do for a wet chemical burn?

Flush for at least 20 minutes, flushing away from body.

What type of fraction is a traction splint used for?

Femur

What system is involved in anaphylactic shock?

Respiratory system

What do you use to immobilize splints with?

Cravats

What is the innermost layer of the eye?

Retina

What might make you suspect poisoning?

Trouble breathing, nausea/ vomiting/ diarrhea, burns around lips or tongue or on skin, open or spilled containers, open medicine cabinet, overturned or damaged plant, headache, dizziness

What should you do if you suspect poisoning?

Call poison control, care for life threatening conditions

What is poison control's number?

800-222-1222

How do you treat a sucking chest wound?

Cover with air tight (occlusive) dressing with one corner remaining loose

Where does external respiration occur?

In the alveoli of the lungs

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

Neuron

What part of the brain controls coughing, swallowing, BP, heartbeat, respiration?

Medulla Oblongata

What do you do if a diabetic is dizzy and not feeling well?

Give some form of sugar

What position do you put an unconscious victim in?

Recovery position

How do you breathe so that air doesn't go in the stomach?

Breath just enough to make the chest rise

What is the maximum time to check a pulse?

10 seconds

Where do you check a pulse in a child?

Carotid

Where do you check a pulse in an infant?

Brachial

Where do you check a pulse in an adult?

Carotid

Where do you attach the AED electrodes?

Right upper chest and left lower chest

What type of wound has jagged edges and bleeds freely?

Laceration

What is the first step to control bleeding?

Direct pressure

How do you clean a wound?

In a circular motion, starting at the wound and working out.

What is the treatment for heat cramps?

Lightly stretch, massage, cool place, small sips of water if conscious

What is the term for ballooning in the wall of an artery?

Aneurysm

What is the flap called that keeps fluid from entering the lungs?

Epiglottis

What is the treatment for heat exhaustion?

Cool location, loosen/ remove excess clothing, apply cool cloths, give small sips of water if conscious

What is th treatment for heat stroke?

Call 911, place ice or cool packs in armpits, neck, forehead, DO NOT give water

What is the term for a method used to prioritize treatment of patients?

Triage

What is the term for a wound that is a scrape?

Abrasion

What is the term for a wound that is cut by a sharp object such as a knife, razor, or scalpel?

Incision

What is the term for a wound in which a body part is cut off or separated from the body?

Amputation

If a patient has an injury to the head and there is clear or blood tinged drainage from the ear, this could indicate brain injury and you should allow fluid to drain completely. What position should you put them in?

Lying down, with head turned to injured side. Elevated head and shoulders slightly to allow fluid to drain.

What is the term for a heart attack?

Myocardial Infarction

What is the term for a stroke?

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) or apoplexy... Blockage of blood flow to the brain

What are signs of internal bleeding?

Vomiting, coughing up blood, tender/ swollen abdomen, bruised area