Late Medieval Ages and Renaissance

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the notes on the Late Medieval Ages and Renaissance, focusing on historical, social, and cultural transformations.

What were the main characteristics of the Church during the Medieval Ages?

The Church concentrated power, became the social and political leader of the Christian realm, sought Christian unity, and interfered in worldly affairs.

What was the socio-economic system governing Medieval Europe?

Feudalism, characterized by the exchange of land tenure for labor or service, with mutual obligations between nobles and vassals.

What were the implications of feudalism on authority in Medieval Europe?

Feudalism resulted in a lack of clear hierarchy and centralization, creating overlapping authority relations among various political units.

What major changes occurred in the Holy Roman Empire over its history?

It evolved into a conglomerate of hundreds of units led by princes, with key institutions like the Emperor, Imperial Diet, and Electoral College.

What were the causes of the crisis during the late Middle Ages?

Ecological changes, great famine, the Black Death, decreased land value, wars, popular revolts, and the decline of the knight class.

What marked the beginning of the Renaissance?

A cultural, social, and scientific transformation beginning in the 14th century, often associated with the revival of Antiquity.

What were the key characteristics of the cultural revolution during the Renaissance?

Renewed interest in the ancient world, humanism, and a focus on humanities over traditional fields such as logic and theology.

What transformations occurred in arts and sciences during the Renaissance?

Development of new artistic genres, linear perspective, architectural styles emulating the ancients, and significant advancements in various sciences.

How did capitalism and mercantilism manifest during the Renaissance?

These concepts spread unevenly, impacting society based on class, gender, and social structures, characterized by a system of patronage.

What three aspects are crucial to understanding the overall dynamics of the Renaissance?

Encounters, imitation, and reconstruction, highlighting internal and external interactions, the spread of ideas, and maintaining societal hierarchies.