CD Exam 1

ASHA

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

ASHA function

scientific study, quality clinical services, high ethical standards, advocate for those with CD

Language disorders

form disorders, content disorders (semantics), use disorders (pragmatics) A

Audiologists

identify, assess, manage, and prevent disorders of hearing

select and fit hearing aids

NEED A DOCTORATE

Speech-Language-Pathology

Identify, assess, treat, and prevent expressive and receptive CD

Provide swallowing services

NEED A MASTERS

Where are the majority of SLPs employed?

1/2 are employed by schools

Speaking difficulties in school age children cause

academic and social challenges

Evidence Based Practice

clinical desicion making, efficacy, effectiveness, efficiency

effectiveness

average conditions

dialect

difference that effects cultural, regional, and social identities

congenital

present at birth

acquired

the result of illness, accident, or environmental circumstances

Good goal

has all four elements of objectives (actor, behavior, condition, degree) and measurable

SOAP progress notes

S-subjective O-objective A-assessment P-plan

When is early intervention

up to age 3

communication

composed of multiple processes and is influenced by cultural factors

sociolinguistic

How cultural identity, setting, and participants influence communication

grammar

the rules of language

syntax

How words are arranged in a sentence and the ways in which one word may affect another

semantics

The content or meaning of language

semantic features

The pieces of meaning that define a particular word

chronemics

effect of time on communication

etiology

cause/ origin of a problem

habitual pitch

the average pitch or speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) that is used by an individual

pitch

how high or low your voice is

intonation

the rise and fall of a voice while speaking

fluency

smooth and forward flow of speech, influenced by rhythm and rate

prevalence

The number/percentage of people within a specified population who have a particular disorder or condition at a point in time

incedence

The number of new cases of disease or disorder in a particular period

successful therapy

if the client can generalize, self-correct, and is automatic with production

anatomy

structures of the body

physiology

functions of organisms and structures

physiology subsystems

respiratory, laryngeal, articulatory /resonating

respiratory sytem

air exchange, generating force of speech production

laryngeal system

main sound generator for speech production, sits on top of the trachea

articulatory/resonating system

houses the oral cavity, pharynx, and nasal cavity and vocal tract

resting tidal breathing

breathing to sustain life, decreases with age

larynx function

produces phonation, houses vocal folds and epiglottis

thyroid notch function

adams apple, suspends the larynx during phonation and respiration by the thyroid membrane and muscle

adducting vocal folds

vocal folds come together, happens at the beginning of voicing

abducting vocal folds

vocal folds pull apart at the end of voicing

fundamental frequency F0

number of cycles per second