animal behavior

psychology

studying learning in humans and applying insights gained from nonhuman animal studies to understanding human behavior

ethology

study of animal behavior in the animal’s natural environment

instinct

reflexes and behavioral patterns inherently present at birth

habituation

lack of response to a repeated stimulus

conditioning

association between a previously neutral stimulus or behavioral response to a previously significant stimulus

classical conditioning

a formed association between an unconditioned stimulus and a neutral stimulus

operant conditioning

learning to respond to a stimulus as a result of reinforcement when the proper response is made

reasoning

ability to respond correctly to a stimulus the first time a new situation is presented

intelligence

ability to learn to adjust successfully to certain conditions; involve long and short-term memory

imprinting

young bond to their caretaker, usually dam

trial and error

trying different responses to stimulus until the correct response is achieved, gets reward

9 systems of animal behavior

Sexual, Caregiving, Care soliciting, Agonistic, Ingestive, Eliminative, Shelter Seeking, Investigative, Alelomimetic

observation of breeding cows

when in heat they allow themselves to be mounted

why are vasectomized rams used during mating season

because ewes present silent heat

pheromones

chemical substances that attract the opposite sex

how long are cows in heat for

12 hours or AM-PM rule

what is the AM-Pm rule

if the cow is in heat in the morning breed that night and vice versa for if in heat at night

what do sows do when in heat

seek out boar for mating, genetalia swells

cyrptorchidism

retention of one or both testicles into the abdomen

agonistic behavior with other animals

males fight when they meet unfamiliar males

4 stages to establish social dominance

offense, defense, escape, passivity

4 components of a cows stomach

rumen, riticulum, omasum, and abomasum

which parts of the cows stomach are used for fermentation

rumen and riticulum

what is another name for boluses

cud

what is the term for releasing gas for ruminants

eructation

what gases are eructed from ruminants

carbon dioxide and methane

what do cattle and sheep do when it is hot

seek out shady areas where they can rest and ruminant

what do pigs do when it is hot

search out wet areas

what do pigs do when it is cold

crowd against one another when lying down