Medcore Final Exam Pt 2

rhin/o

nose

nephr/o

kidney

hepta/o

liver

gastr/o

stomach

encenphal/o

brain

-itis

inflammation

-logy

study of

-ia

condition

-ectomy

surgical removal

brady-

slow

tachy-

fast

psuedo

fake

pre-, pro-

before, in front of

poly

many

semi

half

-oma

tumor

hem/o

blood

inter

between

supra-

above

sub

under

hypo

under

hyper-

over

dys-

bad

auto

self

-pnea

breathing

cardi/o

heart

NPO

nothing by mouth

DNR

do not resuscitate

STAT

immediately

Dx

diagnosis

QID

4 times a day

Rx

prescription

Hx

history

DOA

dead on arrival

PRN

as needed

VS

vital signs

T

temperature

BP

blood pressure

P

pulse

R

respiration

BID

twice a day

TID

three times a day

HS

at bedtime

gtts

drops

Cap

capsule

Tab

tablet

SL

sublingual (under the tongue)

NAI

non-accidental injury

Base of support

standing with feet 8-10 inches apart to provide better balance

Bloodbourne Pathogen Standard

has mandates to protect health care providers from diseases caused by exposure to body fluids

body mechanics

the proper use of the body to facilitate lifting and moving and prevent injury

Ergonomics

The study of workplace equipment design or how to arrange and design devices, machines, or workspace so that people and things interact safely and most efficiently.

fire extinguisher

a portable device that puts out small fires by ejecting fire-extinguishing chemicals

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

information sheets that must be provided by the manufacturer for all hazardous products

Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals Standard

protection and standards against hazardous chemicals

Occupational Safety and Hazards Administration (OSHA)

ensure safe and healthful working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance

safety standards

set of rules designed to protect both the patient and the health care worker

aquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

a disease in which the immune system is weakened

Airborne precautions

Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.

Antisepsis

removal of pathogens from living tissue

Asepsis

absence of significant contamination

Bacteria

single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes that cause disease

Causative agent

a pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease

Cavitation

The formation of cavities in an organ or tissue; frequently seen in some forms of tuberculosis.

chain of infection

infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

chemical disinfection

process that destroys or kills pathogenic organisms

clean

free from dirt, marks, or stains.

communicable disease

a disease that is spread from one host to another

contact precautions

practices used to prevent spread of disease by direct or indirect contact

contaminated

organisms and pathogens are present

Droplet precautions

Methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by large particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing.

Endogenous

produced from within; due to internal causes

exogenous

Produced outside the body

fungi

any of a group of spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools

isolation

separation from others; aloneness

microorganism

Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

mode of transmission

a way that the causative agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it can live

Nosocomial

hospital acquired infection

opportunistic

infections that occur when the body's defenses are weak

pathogens

disease causing agents

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material.

portal of entry

a way for the causative agent to enter a new reservoir or host

portal of exit

any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave

protective (reverse) isolation

technique used to provide care to patients requiring protection from organisms in the environment

Protozoa

one-celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria

reservoir

the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies

Rickettsia

a small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites

Standard Precautions

A strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious.

sterile

no living microbes

sterile field

an area that is set up for certain procedures and is free from all organisms

Sterilization

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.

susceptible host

a person likely to get an infection or disease, usually because body defenses are weak

ultrasonic cleaning unit

remove debris & bioburden from instruments by precleaning. Debris removed by mechanical means and sound waves does NOT sterilize instruments

viruses

tiny particles, smaller than bacteria and other pathogens, which must invade living cells in order to reproduce; when they invade, the cells are damaged or destroyed in the process releasing new particles to infect other cells

apical pulse

pulse taken with a stethoscope and near the apex of the heart

apnea

absence of breathing

Arrythmia

irregular heart rhythm

aural

ear

Cheyne-Stokes

alternating periods of slow, irregular breathing and rapid, shallow breathing

auxiliary

giving assistance or support