estrogen & progestins

estrogens affect bone ______________ and lipid __________, and encourages blood ___________

mineralization; metabolism; coagulation

estrogen prevents bones from _______ _______

seeping calcium

estrogen increases levels of _____ ______ in the blood, meaning increased ___ and decreased ___

fatty lipids; HDL; LDL

principal endogenous estrogen is…

estradial

______ is the principal organ for estrogen production

ovary

what 2 things does estrogen take effect on?

reproductive and primary/secondary sex characteristics

3 therapeutic uses of estrogen

menopause, female hypogonadism, and acne

2 adverse effects of estrogen

endometrial hyperplasia/cancers and CV effects

most common route of admin for estrogen

transdermal

estrogen contraindications

cancer, stroke, clotting, migraines, and smoking

the ovaries and the ________ are the principal organs for progesterone production

placenta

therapeutic uses of progestins

postmenopausal hormone therapy, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, amenorrhea, infertility, prematurity prevention, and endometrial cancer

adverse effects of progestin

teratogenic, gynecologic effects, breast cancer/tenderness, bloating, and depression

progestins are only used for those who have a ______

uterus

menopausal hormone therapy 3 indications

vasomotor symptoms, sex organ atrophy, prevent osteoporosis

risks of hormone therapy

CV effects, cancers, gallbladder disease, dementia, and urinary incontinence

use the ______ effective ____ possible of menopausal hormone therapy

lowest; dose

SERMs stands for what and what do they do?

selective estrogen receptor modulators; activate estrogen receptors in some tissues and block in others

SERMs were developed to provide benefits of estrogen while…

avoiding the drawbacks

SERMs common suffix

-ifene/ifen

SERMS inhibit ____ ______ in the breasts and protects _____ (does not work well for ___ _______)

cell growth; bones; hot flashes

phytoestrogens are _____-_____ compounds with ____ estrogen activity

plant-based; weak

natural drug to manage menopause symptoms

phytoestrogen

women are encouraged to obtain phytoestrogens from _____ ____ sources to prevent…

whole food; overdose