animal characteristics- marine science

Multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic, sexual reproduction, contain hox genes, have collagen, mobile species

Universal Characteristics of Animals

HOX genes

genes that determine body plan

Collagen

a structural protein for the body

Tissue organization, unique body plans, symmetry, modes of locomotion, developmental patterns, ecological roles

Ways animals differ

porifera, cnidteria, platyhelminthes, nematoda, annelida, mollusca, arthropoda, echinodermata, chordata

9 most common phyla

Porifera

phyla for sponges

cnideria

jellyfish, coral, sea anemones

platyhelminthes

flatworms

nematoda

roundworms

annelida

segmented worms

mollusca

snails, oysters, octopus

arthropoda

insects, crustacea, spiders

echinodermata

sea stars, sand dollars

chordata

birds, mammals, reptiles, fish

Tissue Organization- Porifera

lack true tissues; organization ends at the cellular level

Cnideria

diploblastic (develop 2 distinct tissue layers); no true organs or systems

tripoblastic (developing 3 distinct layers of tissue); only organisms to have organs/organ systems

Tissue Organization for everything except for porifera and cnideria

can do it

Label the diploblast diagram and triploblast diagram

Diploblast has a mesoglea (nonliving) layer and triploblast has a mesoderm

What is the main difference between the diploblast and triploblast tissue organization?

cnidera, porifera

Body Plans- Which organisms DO NOT develop a true body cavity? (2)

Platyhelminthes, Nematoda

Body Plans- Which organisms develop a partially lined cavity called a pseudocoelom?

a fully lined body cavity called a coelom

Body plans- Which body plan do the rest of the phyla have?

Pseudocleom

a partially lined cavity

a fully lined body cavity

Coelom

can do it

Label the body plan diagrams/study

Porifera

Symmetry- Which phyla typically shows no symmetry or asymmetry but can show radial symmetry?

Cnidera and Echinodermata

Symmetry- Which phyla show radial symmetry (arranged around a central axis)

Bilateral

Symmetry- What symmetry do all the rest of the phylas show?

yes

Can identify different symmetry photos in notes

Porifera

Modes of locomotion- which phylum are sessile as adults but mobile by swimming in current as larva stage

Cnideria

Modes of locomotion- which phylum exhibit both sessile and free-swimming forms

mollusca, annelida, platahelminthes, nematoda

Modes of locomotion- which phyla has various modes of locomotion including swimming, crawling, and burrowing

Echinodermata

Modes of locomotion- which phyla exhibits free-swimming as larvae but adults crawl along the marine floor using tube feet

Arthropoda

Modes of locomotion- which phyla have jointed appendages allowing for various modes of locomotion including swimming, walking, flying

Chordtata

Modes of locomotion- which phylum exhibit a wide range of motion from wimming, to walking, to flying

Porifera

Reproduction- Which phylum reproduces sexually and asexually (most common bc less energy + marine envoirnment)

Cnideria, Platyheliminthes, Echinodermata

Reproduction- Which phyla can reproduce sexually and asexually

Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Chordata

Primarily reproduce sexually although a few species can reproduce asexually, but this is rare

Hydroskeleton, Endoskeleton, Exoskeleton

Skeletal Systems Types

Hydroskeleton

fluid-filled cavity that acts as a support to the body

Endoskeleton

muscles attach to an internal skeleton

Exoskeleton

muscles attach to an outside covering

Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Mollusca

Skeletal Systems- Which phyla have hydroskeletons?

echinodermata, chordata

Skeletal Systems- Which phyla have endoskeletons

arthropoda

Skeletal Systems- Which phylum has exoskeletons?

Porifera

Skeletal Systems- Which phylum is classified to have a hydroskeleton but truly have spicules and spongin for support?

Cnideria

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has a nerve net?

Platyhelminthes

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has laternal nerve cords?

Nematoda

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has four ganglia and four nerve cords?

Annelida

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has a ventral nerve cord?

Echinodermata

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has a nerve ring?

Arthropoda, Annelida

Nervous Systems- Which phyla has ventral nerve cords?

Mollusca (claims, snails)

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has two ventral cords?

Mollusca (squid, octopus)

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has two nerve cords and giant axons?

Chordata

Nervous Systems- Which phylum has a dorsal nerve cord?

Intercellular Digestion, Incomplete, Complete

Digestive Systems Types

Intercellular Digestion

digestion process goes through cell membrane

Incomplete Digestion

digestion through 1 opening (both mouth and anus)

Complete Digestion

2 openings for digestion (1 mouth, 1 anus)

Porifera

Digestive Systems- Which phyllum has intraceullar digestion?

Cnideria, Platyhelminthes

Digestive Systems- Which phyla has incomplete digestion (sac-like)

The rest of the 9 main phyla

Digestive Systems- Which phyla has complete digestion?

Open circulation, Closed circulation

Circulatory Systems Types

Open circulation circulatory system

fluid (hemolymph) is pumped through vessel into boy cavity and returns through openings (astia)

Closed circulation circulatory system

Blood is pumped way from the heart(s) through vessels and returns through the heart(s) through vessels

Mollusca (clams, snails), Echinodermata, Arthropods

Circulatory systems- Which phyla have open circulatory systems?

Mollusca (squid, octopus), Annelida, Chordata

Circulatory systems- Which phyla have closed circulatory systems?

Look at bellringers for possible test q’s

ok

To exchange co2 with o

Purpose of respiratory systems

Porifera, Cnideria

Respiratory Systems- Which phyla use cell diffusion?

Platyhelimentes, Nematoda, Annelida

Respiratory Systems- Which phyla use skin?

Arthropoda

Respiratory Systems- Which phylum has air sacs, spiracles, and tracheae?

Arthrophoda

Respiratory Systems- Which phyla has book lungs?

Mollusca, Echinodermata, Chordata

Respiratory Systems- Which phyla have gills?

Chordata (yes, again)

Respiratory Systems- Which phyla have lungs?

Porifera and Cnideria

Ecological Niches- Which phyla are found in aquatic environments, both freshwater and saltwater?

Echinodermata

Ecological Niches- Which phylum exists only in saltwater

Rest of the phyla

Ecological Niches- Which phylas are found in both aquatic and terretrial envoirnments?

Animals can be found in various roles that are impotant to their unique environments, like pollination, decomposition, predation, and critical ecological relationships necessary for universal species survival

Why are ecological niches important?

Conservation and Environmental Protection

Scientific and Medical Advances

Agricultural and Economic Advances

Educational Curiosity

Evolutionary Insights

Why is it important to study animals?