Chapter 6 Bone Tissue

Flashcards on Bone Tissue and Development

Bone Development

Flat and long bones differ in their formation processes.

Bone Growth

Long bones stop growing in length during childhood but can repair throughout life.

Ossification

Process of bone formation, with two types: intramembranous and endochondral.

Intramembranous Ossification

Bone formation process that creates FLAT BONES starting from a sheet of dense irregular CT.

Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation process that creates LONG BONES starting from a piece of hyaline cartilage.

CT Stem Cells

Dense irregular connective tissue stem cells make embryonic tissue.

Stem Cells

Cells that form osteogenic cells, which then form osteoblasts during intramembranous ossification.

Osteoblasts

Secrete osteoid (mix of gel and collagen fibers) and become trapped in hardening bone, forming lacunae and becoming osteocytes.

Osteoid

Mix of gel and collagen fibers secreted by osteoblasts.

Osteocytes

Osteoblasts trapped in the hardening bone.

Fontanelles

Gaps between flat skill bones of children.

Thyroid Hormone and Growth Hormone

Hormones that stimulate chondrocyte cell division during development and childhood.

Estrogen and Testosterone

Hormones released during puberty that accelerate chondrocyte cell division.

Epiphyseal Line

Location where the epiphyseal plate was after growth stops.

Chondrocytes

Hyaline cartilage cells that multiply.

Articular cartilage

Cartilage tissue that protects the ends of bones.

Epiphyseal Plate

Part of bone made of hyaline cartilage CT where vertical growth occurs during childhood.

Resting Zone

Zone of epiphyseal plate that connects it to the epiphysis.

Proliferation Zone

Zone of epiphyseal plate where cartilage cells multiply, lengthening bone.

Hypertrophic Zone

Zone of epiphyseal plate where older cartilage cells enlarge.

Ossification Zone

Zone of epiphyseal plate where osteoblasts make collagen for calcium and phosphate attachment.

Calcification Zone

Zone of epiphyseal plate where oldest cartilage cells die, making way for blood vessels.