Interphase

G1,S,G2

G1

copy all organelles except nucleus

S

synthesis, Dna gets copied

G2

prep for mitosis

Homologous chromosomes

similar but not identical (don’t have the same dna)

Sister chromatids

identical chromosomes

Mitosis

division of nucleus 5 steps

Cytokinesis

division of cell

how many cells does meiosis end in

4

Mitosis

from 1 cell to 2, identical, 46 to 46 chromosomes, 1 round of cell division

meiosis

from 1 cell to 4, unique chromosomes, 46 to 23 chromosomes, 2 rounds of cell division

What do eggs hold

organelles

what does sperm hold

dna

How does replication occur

from 5’ to 3’

Leading strand

continuous

lagging strand

goes in segments

PCR (polymerase chain reaction)

amplifies segments of dna

steps of mitosis

prophase, pro metaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

helicase

unzipping enzyme

dna polymerase

replicates dna molecules

primase

makes an rna primer that tells the polymerase where to start

ligase

helps glue dna fragments together

sub proteins 

binds to separated dna strand

prophase

spindles form chromosomes condense 

metaphase

all the chromosomes move to the middle of the cell

Anaphase

sister chromatids split apart

Telophase

fibers go way, nucleus reforms around each set of chromosomes

pro metaphase

mitotic spindle forms