ISTN (business information systems)

project organizational structure

Centered on major products or services & are Usually temporary

Effectiveness

measure the extent to which a system achives its goal

forms of information

Text,images and video clips

technology infrastructure

All the hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information.

Hardware

any machinery that aids the input, processing storage and output activities of an information system

software

computer programs that govern the operation of an computer

Database

a collection of facts and information typically consisting of 2 or more data files

telecommunications

is the electronic transmission of signals for communication which enables organizations to carry out their processes and tasks through computer networks

Network

connect computers and equipment in a building, around county or around the world to enable electronic communication

internet

A global network connecting millions of computers, making it possible to exchange information.

People

most important element In most CBIS include users of the system and information system personal

procedures

include strategies policy's and methods and rules of using a CBIS

Transaction

any business related exchange such as payment to employees

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

is an organized collection of people, people, procedures, software, databases and devices used to record completed business transactions

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

A set of integrated programs that manage a company's vital business operations for an entire organization

Electronic business

Using information systems and the Internet to perform all business-related tasks and functions.

Management Information System (MIS)

is an organized collection of database,software,people, procedures and devices that provide routine information to managers and decision makers

desion support system (DSS)

is an organized collection of databases and devices that support problem specific decision making with the main focus Being making effective decisions

Knowledge Management Systems(KMS)

an organized collection of people, procedures software and database and devices to store share and use the organizations knowledge and experience

Artificial intelligence (AI)

computer system that takes on the characters of human intelligence

Expert system

give a computer the ability to make suggestions and act as an expert in a particular system

system development

the activity of creating or modifying business systems

System development steps

1.System investigation
2. system evaluation
3.System design
4.System implementation
5.System mantanace and review

System Design

The solutions were problem is analysed or Planned out

System Implementation

The new system is built or bought and replaces the old system

Key parts of the value chain

Supply chain management(SCM) & Costomer relationship manager (CRM)

Supply Chain management (SCM)

helps to determine what supplies are required for the value chain, what quantities are needed to meet customer demand how supplys should be processed/manufactured into finished goods & services and how shipments should be scheduled monitored and controlled

organizational structure

an organizations subunits and the way they relate to the overall organization

Traditional Organizational Structure is also known as

hierarchy structure

traditional Organizational Structure

manangeral pyramid where employees are at the bottom and the top management is on the top

Flat Organizational Structure

an type of traditional Organizational Structure that has a reduced number of management layers

Empowement

giving employees & their managers more responsibility and authority to make decisions and have more control over their jobs

team organizational structure

a structure centered on work teams or groups

Virtual organizational structure

a structure that employs individuals, groups or complete business units in geographically dispersed areas that can last for a few weeks or years often requiring telecommunications or the internet

Organizational change

the responses that are necessary so that for-profit and nonprofit organizations can plan for, implement, and handle change

Downsizing

A planned reduction in the number of employees needed in a firm in order to reduce costs and make the business more efficient

organizational learning

The adaptations to new conditions or alterations of organizational practices over time.

Reengineering is also known as

the process of redesign or business process reengineering (BPR)

BPR (Business Process Reengineering)

A radical redesign of business processes, organizational structure, information system and values of the organization to achieve a breakthrough in business results

characteristics of BPR

-Stong action taken to solve a serious problem
-the goal is to achieve a major break-through
-Often lead by outsiders
-information system is integral to the solution
-broad in scope and cuts across all departments
-top to down and driven by senior executives

characteristics of continuous improvement

-routine action to make minor improvements
-bottom up change driven by workers
-narrow scope and focus on tasks In a given area
-usually lead by workers close to the business
-IS guides the improvement team

technology diffusion

a measure of how widely technology is spread throughout the organization

key operational applications

are essential Without them the organization could not conduct business.

future strategic application

ideas for systems which, if fully developed and deployed, might one day become strategic applications.

future strategic Applications are also known as

high potential applications or potential strategic

Evaluation of IS

productivity
ROI
total cost of ownership
Earnings growth
customer satisfaction
​

System

Set of elements/Components that work together to accomplish a goal

Efficiency

Is the ratio of output work to input work

System performance standard/ benchmark

Specific objective of a system

information/Data

collection of facts

Information system

A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.

input

activity of gathering and capturing raw data

processing

converting or transforming input input into meaningful output

output

Data that has been processed into a useful format.

feedback

output that is used to make changes to input or processing activities

Valuable information

accurate, verifiable, timely, economical, accessible, secure, simple, relevant, flexible,complete

Computer based information system (CBIS)

A single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information.

e-commerce

electronic business or exchange conducted over the internet

mobile commerce

The ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless Internet-enabled device

Virtual reality

is the simulation of real or imagined environment that can be experienced in 3 dimensions

System investigation

A system development step by time is spent understanding the problem

system analysis

Determine what must be done so in order to solve the problem

System maintenance and review

The new system is evaluated in the monitored

Computer literacy

knowledge about computer systems and equipment and how they function

information system literacy

knowledge of how data & information are used by individuals

Value Chain

A series of activities that include inbound logistics, marketing& sales,outbound logistics storage, production,customer service and warehouse and storage

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

helps a company manage all aspects of customers including marketing & advertising, sales, customer services after sale and help retain loyal customers

Types of Organizational Structures

Traditional
Project
Team
Virtual

Outsourcing

contacting outside professional services to meet specific needs and to focus closely on their main core

Continues Improvement

continously seeking ways to improve business processes to add value to products and services

technology infusion

The extent to which technology is deeply integrated into an area or department.

Applications portfolio

A scheme for classifying information systems according to the contribution they make to the organization.

support applications

nice to have but are not essential

Strategic applications

gives a firm comparative advantage