civil war

north

Industry based- factories, mills RR tracks- 20,000 miles

Large cities = immigrants

ANTI-SLAVERY

south

South

rural- farming

cotton. 10% of nation goods

walked, rivers

PRO-SLAVERY

Missouri Compromise (1820)

1. Created a line at 36N latitude which divided the territories to determine free or slave

2. Proposed by Henry Clay – “The Great Compromiser”

3. Admitted Missouri as a slave state

Popular Sovereignty

– citizens have the right to vote for or against slavery

Compromise of 1850

1. Calif. Admitted as a free state

2. Utah and New Mexico would have popular sovereignty

3. $10 to return a slave

Underground Railroad

• Harriet Tubman

1. Famous conductor of Underground RR hide

2. Helped 300+ slaves escape in 19 trips back to South

3. “Black Moses”

“Uncle Tom’s Cabin”

1. Harriett Beecher Stowe, book was referred to as “the book that started the Civil War”

2. Helped bring out the fact that slavery was not a political issue, but a moral issue

Kansas-Nebraska Act

1. Wanted to turn NE territory into Nebraska and Kansas with popular sovereignty

2. Repealed the Missouri Compromise

”Bleeding” Kansas

1. KS became a bloodbath over slavery

2. Border Ruffians– slave owners from MO came to KS to intimidate locals

3. May 21, 1856 – 800 Pro slavery men burned Lawrence, KS in a protest over an anti-slavery newspaper

4. Preston Brooks beats Charles Sumner on the Senate floor

John Brown

anti-slavery, abolitionist, killed 5 pro-slavery people at Pottawatomie Creek

Dred Scott decision 1857

1. Ruled that slaves were not citizens, therefore you cannot sue

2. Ruled that slaves were property.

Lincoln-Douglas Debates(1858)

Debates over slavery. Both are running for the Senate seat for the state of Illinois.

Lincoln

Republican

Anti-Slavery Tall, calm, respectful

“Honest Abe”

Losses the Senate

Douglas

Democrat

Popular Sovereignty

Small, fiery, energetic

“Little Giant”

wins the senate

Harper’s Ferry, VA

1. John Brown tried a slave uprising in Harpers Ferry, VA

2. Tried to seize federal arsenal

3. Robert E. Lee arrested Brown

• Brown is hanged for treason (traitor)

• Brown is seen as a martyr for North

Presidential Election of 1860

• Douglas vs. Lincoln – Lincoln wins and becomes President #16

• Southern secession (secede)

1. S. Carolina becomes the 1st to secede on Dec 20, 1860

2. Feb 4, 1861  Confederate States of America is formed and Jefferson Davis becomes President

3. When Lincoln takes office in March 7 States have already seceded

Civil War 1861- 1865

North (Anti–Slavery) vs South (Pro-Slavery)

Union vs Confederate

Ft. Sumter

• April 12, 1861

• 1st shots fired- 1 died 

• Charleston, South Carolina

Robert E. Lee

• Commander of

Virginia (SOUTH)

• Thought slavery was

wrong, but chose to

fight with his State

Gettysburg

• TURNING POINT of the War

51,000 dead

Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address:

*Dedicated soldiers cemetery

Antietam

• Worst SINGLE day battle in US History

• Over 26,000 casualties in 24 hours!!

• Creek in Maryland

9-8 hours 

Total War

• William Sherman Ulysses S. Grant

west point together and robert e. lee

Sherman’s March to the Sea

• Destroyed everything in path

• Helped end the Civil War

• Burned Atlanta to ground

• north killed sountherns and burned everything

Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

• Southern General- 2nd most popular general

• Killed by friendly fire- accidental shot by his own men

Appomattox

• South SURRENDERS to the North

• Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant- 16th president

• April 9, 1865- end of war

Lincoln’s Assassination

• April 14, 1865 – 5 days after end of War

• John Wilkes Booth- assassin

13th Amendment

Abolished slavery

Civil War wrap-up

• Matthew Brady - Photographer

• Baseball – most popular activity

Civil War Total #’s North

• 360,000 died

• 275,000 wounded

• Cost: $6 million

Civil War Total #’s South

260,000 died

260,000 wounded

Cost: $3 million

civil war refection

• First modern war Rifles accurate

• Minie balls for bullets Landmines

• Trenches Ironclad ships

• Grenades *North prospers, South falls apart