Veterinary Science: The Care of Animals Midterm

King Ashoka

created a hospital for animals in India in 272-231 B.C.

biosecurity

includes the policies, research, and training in how to identify, respond to, and recover from diseases or other health issues for humans or animals that have been intentionally introduced to the environment

Sir Thomas Browne

introduced the use of the word veterinarians to describe those who treated animals

farrier

term often used for individuals who care for horses

food borne illness

diseases that enter the body through the food that we eat

genetic engineering

the modification or manipulation of genetic material

microbiology

the study of microorganisms

the veterinarian’s oath

guides the practice of veterinary medicine and science

veterinarius

Columella used this term to refer to individuals who cared for animals

veterinary science

the study of health and disease in animals

bloat

caused by the excessive buildup of gas in the stomach

caput

the top of the femur bone

central nervous system

composed of the brain and spinal cord

diabetes mellitus

a disease of the endocrine system where the body doesn’t produce enough insulin, a hormone that helps the body turn glucose into energy

endocrine system

involved with the secretion of hormones

epilepsy

a disease of recurring seizures

feline leukemia virus

a virus that cats can become infected with after contact (through saliva or nasal secretions typically) with another infected cat

nervous system

coordinates the actions of the animals and sends messages from one part of the body to another

pancreatitis

the inflammation of the pancreas

peripheral nervous system

the neurons and nerves that exist throughout an animal’s body

colic

a pain in the stomach

colitis

an inflammation of the small and/or large intestines

displacement or torsion

occurs when the stomach moves out of place or twists

equines

animals that belong to the family Equidae, which includes animals like horses, donkeys, and zebras

equine influenza

an airborne virus that is quite contagious

foot rot

a term used to describe a hoof infection in cattle

gas colic

occurs when gas builds up int eh digestive system, often in the intestines, causing it to swell

gastric distension

occurs when a horse gorges on food, particularly food that expands when it becomes wet, and the contents of the stomach swell

glanders

an infectious disease also caused by a bacterium that can be transferred from horses to humans through direct contact through inhalation, skin abrasions or contact with nasal or oral surfaces

hog cholera

a highly contagious viral disease that can cause death, particularly for young animals

impaction colic

occurs when a mass of food gets caught in the intestines

incubation period

the time from when the animal is first infected to the time when symptoms first appear

lyme disease

an infectious disease caused by a bacterium that is transferred by the bite of infected ticks, although horses do not transfer this disease to humans

myocarditis

an inflammation of the heart

protozoa

single celled organisms that are often microscopic

pseudorabies

a viral infection that affects pigs and is found around the world

swine pox

viral disease that pigs can become infected with

ungulates

hoofed animals, including cows, horses, goats, pigs, and zebras

amnioitic eggs

reptiles lay these, the embryo is surrounded by an amnion membrane that protects the embryo

amnion membrane

protects the embryo in an egg

aspergillosis

a fungal infection that can affect all species of birds, including psittacines, captive penguins, captive raptors, and marine birds

cockatoos

tend to be white or black, with a mobile crest of feather on top of their heads

exotic animals

any species that are not generally companion animals or domestic livestock

gout

the crystallization of uric acid in the joins or organs of the body

herpetology

the study of amphibians and reptiles

herp veterinarians

veterinarians who specialize in reptiles

parrots

tend to be green or multi-colored, often with bright colored feathers

polyomavirus

one of the greatest viral threats to caged birds

psittacines

birds that belong to the parrot family

reptiles

air-breathing, cold-blooded vertebrates whose skin is often covered in scales

septecemia

occurs when microbes like toxins or bacteria enter the bloodstream

stomatitis

an infection in the mouths of reptiles that is also known as mouth rot

toxemia

occurs when microbes like toxins or bacteria enter the bloodstream

osteoarthritis

a degenerative joint disease

hip dysplasia

tends to occur in larger, heavier breeds in both dogs and cats, a developmental orthopedic condition that affects the hip or elbow joints

parvovirus

an extremely contagious condition, causing severe vomiting and bloody diarrhea

rabies

is 100% fatal to dogs, and has no available treatment

bordetella

a bacterium that can cause inflammation in the lungs of dogs and cats and is highly contagious

hyperthyroidism

excessive secretion of the thyroid hormone and is most commonly seen in cats

hypothyroidism

the impaired production or distribution of the thyroid hormone and is more common in dogs

equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM)

a neurological damage caused by lesions on the brain and spinal cord left by protozoa

bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, mad cow disease)

a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes a spongy type of degeneration in the spinal cord and brain of infected cattle 

foot and mouth disease (FMD)

a contagious virus that affects cloven-hoofed animals like cattle, swine, and sheep

myocarditis

an inflammation of the heart

anthrax

an infectious bacterial disease found in hooved animals like goats, cows, and deer

beak and feather disease

a viral disease that can be fatal, especially to younger birds