Comprehensive Biology and Lab Techniques: Metric System, Cells, and Food Tests

Base unit for mass in the metric system

Gram

Metric prefix 'kilo-'

1,000

Millimeters in 5 centimeters

50

Example of continuous data

Height

Example of binomial data

Male/Female

Freezing point of water in Celsius

0 °C

Convert 2.5 kilometers to meters

2500

Unit for liquid volume in the metric system

Liter

Example of discrete data

Eye color

The metric system is based on multiples of

10

Eyepiece (ocular lens) magnification

10x

Total magnification of a 40x objective with a 10x eyepiece

400x

Microscope using beams of electrons

Electron microscope

Preparation of a wet mount slide

Using a drop of liquid and a coverslip

Part of the microscope controlling light

Diaphragm

Cell type lacking a nucleus

Bacteria cell

Structure present only in plant cells

Chloroplast

Structure giving plant cells rigidity

Cell wall

Organelle known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell

Mitochondria

Microscope used to view live cells

Compound light microscope

Smallest unit of life

Cell

Organelle responsible for protein synthesis

Ribosome

Organelle storing genetic information

Nucleus

Organelle responsible for photosynthesis

Chloroplast

Structure found in animal cells but not plant cells

Centrioles

Benedict's solution test for

Reducing sugars

Positive Benedict's test color change

Blue → red/orange

Iodine solution tests for

Starch

Positive iodine test color change

Yellow-brown → blue-black

Biuret test

Detects proteins.

Positive Biuret test result

Turns blue to violet.

Sudan IV test

Detects lipids.

Lipid-positive test on brown paper

Leaves a transparent spot.

Dische diphenylamine test

Detects DNA.

Positive Dische test result

Appears blue.

Negative control in food testing

Distilled water.

Hydrophobic biomolecule

Lipids.

Biomolecule made of amino acids

Proteins.

Body's main energy source

Carbohydrates.

Biomolecule that stores genetic information

Nucleic acids.

pH of 2

Represents a strong acid.

pH of 7

Is neutral.

pH of 13

Represents a strong base.

Reagent for polysaccharides

Iodine.

Purpose of controls in food testing

To confirm test reliability.

Comparison of 1 cm and 1 mm

1 cm is larger.

Lens requiring immersion oil

100x lens.

Microscope with greatest resolution

Electron microscope.

Organelle that packages and ships proteins

Golgi apparatus.

Organelle that digests worn-out cell parts

Lysosome.

Organelle that makes ATP

Mitochondria.

Part of the microscope that moves the stage rapidly

Coarse focus.

Part of the microscope that supports the slide

Stage.

Unit measuring temperature in most labs

Celsius.

Biomolecule that forms cell membranes

Lipids.

Microscope for seeing surface details of a virus

Scanning electron microscope.

Part of the microscope used for carrying it

Arm.

Molecule of DNA composition

Made of nucleotides.

Part of the plant cell that stores water

Central vacuole.

Best test for detecting proteins

Biuret test.