Unit 3: Imperialism and World War I

Big Stick Diplomacy

the policy of carefully mediated negotiation ("speaking softly") supported by the unspoken threat of a powerful military ("big stick"); Roosevelt

Dollar Diplomacy

ensure the financial stability of Latin American and East Asian countries, while also expanding U.S. Commercial interests in those regions'; Taft

Moral Diplomacy

support is only given to countries whose moral beliefs are similar to that of the nation; Wilson

militarism

building up armed forces, getting ready for war

alliances

agreements or promises to help and defend another country

imperialism

trying to build up an empire

nationalism

having pride in your country, willing to defend it

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire

Allied Powers

Britain, France, Russia, Japan, Italy

Treaty of Paris

agreement signed by British and American leaders that stated the United States of America was a free and independent country

Treaty of Versailles

punished Germany, left them weak for the Nazis

Yellow Journalism

biased opinion masquerading as facts

Joseph Pulitzer

published false articles about a plot to sink The Maine in the New York World

William Randolph Hearst

published false articles about a plot to sink The Maine in the New York Journal

Platt Amendment

Allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuba and gave the U.S. control of Guantanamo Bay

trench warfare

a type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other

isolationism

avoiding involvement in world affairs, focusing on domestic issues

disarmament

Reduction of armed forces and weapons

Alvin C. York

motivated others with his example of heroism

USS Maine

U.S. Battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor in 1898, sparking the Spanish-American War

new weapons in WWI

tanks, aircraft, submarines, machine guns, poison gas

Harlems hellfighters

African American infantry unit in WWI who spent the most time than in other unit, enlisted in combat through the French

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Triple Entente

Britain, France, Russia

Schenk vs. US

established the limits of freedom of speech

propaganda

ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause

rationing

controlled distribution of scarce goods or resources

Women's Suffrage

women's right to vote, 19th amendment

17th amendment

direct election of senators

16th amendment

allows the federal government to collect income tax

John J. Pershing

U.S. Army general who led the American Expeditionary Forces in WWI