lecture 2 (copy)

What is the Volume of Drug Distribution (Vd)?

It is the volume of fluid into which an administered dose would be distributed if the entire body content of the compound was at the same concentration as that measured in the plasma (Cp). .

Why is Vd important? .

Vd describes how well a drug is removed from plasma and distributed to tissues.

what does a large vd imply

A large Vd implies wide distribution or extensive tissue binding, while a small Vd indicates limited distribution, often due to ionization

What is the formula for Volume of Distribution?

V = D/C, where V is the total volume of distribution, D is the total amount of drug distributed, and C is the amount of drug per volume in circulation.

How is Vd interpreted in a 70 kg male?

Low Vd indicates the drug is mainly distributed in plasma, moderate Vd suggests fairly even distribution, and high Vd means distribution primarily in tissues.

What is the Elimination Half-Life (t½)?

It is the time required to reduce the plasma concentration of a drug to half its initial value. It decreases with lower plasma protein concentrations, such as in liver disease.

What are pharmacokinetic models?

They are mathematical simulations of drug processing in the body, including single and two-compartment models based on tissue penetration rates.

What is the Single Compartment Model?

It assumes all tissues are penetrated rapidly or not at all, combining blood and all penetrated tissues into a single compartment with instant drug distribution.

What is the Two Compartment Model?

It separates tissues into rapidly penetrated (first compartment) and slowly penetrated (second compartment) groups.

what is a compartment

the sum of all those tissues into which a drug distributes at approx the same rate