introduction to anatomy

anatomical position

face forward

palms forward

arms at side

feet forward

sagital plane

divides body into right and left surfaces

midsagital plan

division into equal halves

Paramedian

division into unequal halves

Coronal

divides body into anterior and posterior

anterior

front

postrior

back

superior

upwards

inferior

downwards

medial

towards the middle

lateral

away from the middle

proximal

closer to the centre of the body

distal

farther from the centre of the body

superficial

closer to the surface

deep

further away from the surface

flexion

reduces the angle of a joint

extension

increases the angle of a joint

abduction

moving away from the midline

adduction

moving towards the midline

internal rotation

rotating towards the midline

external rotation

rotating away from the midline

supination

keeping the forearm in anatomical position (palms forward)

pronation

forearms rotate so palms are facing backwards

Dorsum

outer surface

dorsiflexion

moving the foot upwards

plantarflexion

moving plantar backwards

plantar

sole of foot

palmer

palm

inversion

plantar surface towards midline

eversion

plantar surface away from midline

bilateral

on both sides of the body

unilateral

one one side of the body

ipsilateral

on the same side of the body

contralateral

on the opposite side of the body