Health Science Final

Edward Jenner

Edward Jenner

discovered smallpox vaccine

Robert Koch

father of microbiology

Louis Pasteur

discovered organisms that can cause disease

cell, tissue, organs…

…organ system, organism

epithelial tissue

forms a protective covering for all internal and external surfaces of the body

connective tissue

supports and connects organs and other body tissue

ex. fat, bone cartilage, blood

muscle tissue

specialized ability to contract and relax

ex. smooth, voluntary, cardiac

nerve tissue

reacts to stimuli and conducts impulses all over the body

anatomy

study of structures or parts/pieces

physiology

study of the functions or how the parts/pieces work

pathophysiology

study of disease or injury

skeletal system

function-give shape, protection of organs, blood formation and movement

bones, skeletal muscle, ligaments, tendons

muscular system

function-maintain body position, contract/relax, generate heat

various muscle groups/tissue

nervous system

function-interpret stimuli, respond to stimuli, regular body activities

nerves, neurons, brain stem and lobes

circulatory/cardiovascular

function-pumps blood to all organs

heart, arteries, veins, capillaries

respiratory system

breath o2 in and co2 out, gas exchange

nose trachea, diaphragm, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

white blood cells

when a blood vessel is damaged, platelets become…

…sticky and clump together to form a clot

the arteries of the body transport…

…blood away from the heart to the rest of the body

blood vessels that carry…

…blood back to the heart is called veins

neutrophils

the most abundant white blood cells and function to fight infection

veins

have one way valves to carry blood to the heart

bradycardia

slow heartbeat, less then 60 bpm

capillary

smallest blood vessel in the body

fibrillation

rapid ineffective contraction of the heart

o2 in and…

co2 out of the body

the trachea or windpipe connects the…

pharynx to the lungs

asthma is a…

obstructive lung disease because it obstructs airflow because of increased mucus in bronchioles

four main vital signs

temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure

factors that increase pulse rate

fever, excitement, shock, stress

normal respiratory rate for adults

12-20 bpm

dusky, bluish color of the skin, lips, nail beds due to decreased 02

cyanosis

2.2 lbs=

=1kg

three things that fire needs to start

1. fuel(material)

2. heat(matches)

3. oxygen(air)

RACE

rescue anyone in danger

activate/pull alarm

contain the fire

evacuate

associated degree=2 yrs

bachelors degree=4yrs

associated degree=2 yrs

bachelors degree=4yrs

national institute of health

research of disease

leonardo da vinci

studied the anatomy of the body

epi-

above, over, upper

lord/o

combining form of the root word

the ear is

lateral(away from the middle of the body) to the eye

anterior

situated in front of something

deductible

amount paid by patient before the insurance begins to pay(usually $500-$5000)

copayment

specific amount patient pays for a service each time a service is performed or sees the doctor ex. $25

coinsurance

specific percent shared by a patient and the insurance company ex. 80% insurance/20% patient

premium

fee patient pays to insurance company monthly for insurance

assault

 The threat of doing bodily harm to another person-stating, for example telling your patient, “if you wont allow us to continue this procedure, we will have to tie your hands.” -- is

the thigh is

proximal (towards the origin ex. where leg attaches) to the knee

reservoir

place where causative agent lives

healthcare workers should always wear gloves when

performing an invasive procedure

the respiratory system and gastrointestinal system

can be portal of entry for a pathogen such as bacteria

the inside of ppe gown and ties on back waist are considered

clean

virus/parasite

a microorganism that cannot live outside the cells of another living organism is called a flagella

world health organization

international agency that sets global health standards while monitoring and assessing health trends

centers for disease control and preventions

recommends when, what, and how to use PPE

to prepare for surgical environment, you must use

the sterile technique

aerobic

require oxygen

anaerobic

absence of oxygen

chain of infection

infectious agent

reservoir

portal of exit

mode of transmission

portal of entry

susceptible host

suffix

syllable or word placed at the end of a word

otorhinolaryngology.  Ot/o + rhin/o + laryng + ology

study of ears, nose, throat

red marrow

Spongy/cancellous in the ends of the long bone (epiphysis)

fractures

   Closed/Simple, Open/Compound, Comminuted, Greenstick, impacted, spiral, depressed, Colles

osteoblast

build new bone (bone matrix); found in periosteum and endosteum (membranes around the bone)

skeletal muscle

attached to bones for movement. It is striated and voluntary

cardiac muscle

forms the walls of the heart. It is striated and involuntary

visceral or smooth

lines the internal organs for peristalsis. It is smooth and involuntary

muscles are partially

contracted at all times when not in use

pandemic

exists when an outbreak of a disease occurs over a wide geographical area and affects a high proportion of the population.

healthcare

largest and fastest growing industry in the United States

therapeutic pathway

change health status and provide care

diagnostic

test and evaluate treatments

health informatics

manage the patients data and financials

support services

provide a therapeutic clean environment

Biotechnology and Research

research new treatments

tact

One who knows the right thing to say in the right moment

late adulthood

Concerned with diseases such as Alzheimer’s and arteriosclerosis

adolescence

puberty occurs

infancy

cries to express feeling of being hungry, tired, cold, hot, pain

early adulthood

Most productive life stage.  Physical development is complete and at its peak childbearing years

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Psyiological, safety/security, love/affection, esteem, self-actualization.

five states by elsabeth kubler ross

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

flexion

decreasing angle of joint

adduction

moving toward midline

extension

increasing angle of joint

abduction

moving away from midline

longest part of bone

diaphysis, or shaft

each end of shaft

epiphysis

part of bone where fat is stored

medullary canal

tough fibrous tissue that surrounds bone

periosteum