UNIT 2: C Programming Basics

Flashcards covering core C programming vocabulary concepts including data types, syntax, format specifiers, operators, conditional decision-making statements, and loops.

C Programming Language

A general-purpose, high-performance programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in the early 1970s, used for system programming, application development, and embedded systems.

Dennis Ritche

he was an American computer scientist who created the C programming language in the early 1970s

Syntax

The format or correct format of writing code in a programming language.

Datatype

A category that identifies what kind of value a variable can store

==

Equal to

!=

Not equal to

>

Greater than

<

Less than

>=

Greater than equal to

<=

Less than or equal to

Preprocessor Directives

Instructions in C that begin with # (such as #include) used to include libraries or define macros before compilation.

back slash (\n)

It is called a newline escape sequence.

Main Function

The entry point of every C program, written as int main().

int

A C data type used for storing whole numbers

%d

The format specifier commonly used for integers

float

A C data type used for storing decimal numbers

%f

The format specifier commonly used for floating-point numbers

double

A C data type used for storing large decimal numbers with more precision

char

A C data type used for storing a single character (capital A)

%c

The format specifier commonly used fot character

printf()

A standard C library function used to display instructions or output on the screen.

scanf()

A standard C library function used to take or receive input from the user.

Format Specifiers

The symbols used to specify the type of data in input and output operations

Statement

An instruction or line of code performed by a program

Semicolon (;)

The symbol used to end a statement in C

return 0

The statement commonly used to terminate a c program successfully

Address Operator (&)

The symbol used in scanf() to specify the memory address of a variable where user input is stored.

String

A datatype used for more than one character

%s

The format specifier commonly used for strings

Boolean

A datatype used for true or false

Relational Operators

considered as comparison operation used two values to compare

Decision making

Programming logic that allows a program to choose between different actions based on conditions.