Shakers, Oneida, Mormons, Christian Science, Adventists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Holiness Traditions

who founded the shakers

mother ann lee

how did shakers show that they strove for perfection in everything they did

their craftmanship

two cs that describe shakers

celibacy and communal property, wanted to represent heaven on earth

why did the shakers practice celibacy?

takes away from spirital perfection

why did the shakers take care in everything they did

thought it was the best way to honor and worship god

who did they believe had been reincarnated in female form in mother ann lee

god's spirit just as jesus had god's spirit in male form

post-millennialism

1000 good years before jesus's coming

what destroyed the idea of pos-millenialism

civil war

what religious idea surfaced after the civil war

pre-millenialism

premillenialsm

jesus comes after bad years pre the good millenium

how did william miller turn from deism to devout baptist

he thought surviving war of 1812 was a miracle

william miller supported what way of reading the bible

rationalism

what did william millers conservative reading of the bible lead to what movement

fundamentalism

what did william miller try to predit exactly using passages from the bible

second coming

After the Great Disappointment (no Second Coming), what happened to followers of william miller

they went crazy, quitting their jobs and making other crazy decisions, miller makes such an uproar with his predictions that the nyt makes an article refuting his ideas

ellen g white helped start what religious movement

adventists

what did ellen white have a vision of

small amount of adventists going to heaven

who was ellen white inspired by in her belief in the second coming

william miller, she was a millerite

ellen white believed in the restoration of what religious tradition in order to bring about the second coming

sabath day

why do adventists workship on saturday

ellen white had a vision that restoring the sabbath would help bring about the second coming

how did ellen white's ideas empower women through health

said corsets were a sin because they harmed the body

why were adventists sometimes imprisoned

working on sunday because of southern "blue laws"

do adventists believe in hell

no

why do the adventists focus on health

believe the body is a temple

what religion was kellog inspired by

7th day adventists

what kind of medical practice did kellog set up

natural healing, focusing on the whole person including exercise and diet

what does it mean that adventists are a blue population

they live longer on average then other groups of people

what do adventists do that contributes to them being a blue population

vegetarian, no smoking or drinking

what group is considered a "blue" population

7th day adventists

do Adventists oppose modern medicine

no but they focus on a holistic approach

why did ellen white view health as essential

to prepare people for the second coming

why have jehovahs witnesses been largely ignored as a group

poor and POC, even though pretty visible group = knocking on doors

Jehovah's Witness got what belief about hell from the adventists

no hell

what is the only time jehovah's witnesses were really talked about as a group

they were killed under nazis

Arian Theology

jesus was created by god

do jehovahs witness believe in the trinity

no

why do some christians not consider witnesses to be christian

they don't believe in the trinity

how did russell, founder of jehovahs witness use education to spread his movement

formed a student association and created a moving picture presentation on the scientific basis of scripture

why were jehovahs witnesses jailed during both world wars

being draft evaders because they believed in pacifism

how were jehovahs mistreated in schools

1940 supreme court ruled they could be expelled for not saluting the american flag

why are jehovahs against saluting the american flag

believe their members must pledge themselves not to their country but to their religion

what do jehovahs witnesses believe happens to bad people who die

they simply disappear but no hell

what did Jehovah's do to support their beliefs against evolution

try to show spirital basis of scripture

how are jehovahs unusual about race

they encourage interracial marriage

why don't jehovahs accept blood transfusions

believe the bible says not to accept blood transfusions because they take the bible literally like how they take the creation story literally

what case made witnesses important for free speech in the US

when the supreme court ruled they didn't have to say the pledge of allegiance at school after some kids were kicked out for not saying it

which group believed in complex marriage

oneida

what does complex marriage mean

anyone can have sex with anyone else

how did the oneida community practice eugenics

they strategically coupled people in order to make the best children

theology of sex for oneida

thought god demanded variety in every facet of life including sex and they believed complex marriage would bring them together as a community, they believed free love was a way to love everyone equally just as god has done for us

how were women actually respected in the Oneida community

used contraception because didn't want women getting pregnant, communal living meant there was less economic worry

how was oneida bad for women

women criticized when they say no and weren't allowed to fall in love or raise their own children

in one of joseph smiths first visions, what did members of the trinity tell him

none of the current churchs are the real church

how did smith find the plates

angel appeared to him and told him they were barried in his backyard and he must translate and write them down

mormons were a result of what religious movement

2nd great awakening

what does joseph smith do that eventually gets him killed

trys to shut down newspaper when they said something bad about him so he's arrested and then mobbed

what is one of the first thing brigham young does

leads mormoms out of illinois to salt lake city

what does book of mormon say about native americans

they're the lost city of israel

who is moroni

one of the last phrophets to live in the americas and barried tablets and later the angel that tell joseph smith about the golden plates

what belief do the mormons have in common with the methodist

no original sin

how mormons similiar to baptists

no infant baptism

what is a practical reason mormons practiced plural marriage

so every women could be married because they needed marriage to get into heaven

why did mormons finally get rid of polygomy

u.s. wasn't letting utah become a state

both jehovahs wittness and the mormons don't believe in

the trinity

how is the president of the mormon church even more powerful than the pope

receives direct revelations from god and can be about anything not only faith

why do mormons baptize others by proxy

baptize the dead because they believe it gets them into the lowest level of heaven

what must be done for families to be together forever in heaven

religious rite called sealing

how did salt lake city help to sanctify materialism

saints can approach godliness and build zion on earth, salt lake city is very organized

how are children brought into church

youth groups and church school before school, required mission for young men = when you devote two years of your life to a cause this produces loyalty

all changes in the mormon church happen because of what

revelations

who can get revelations in the mormon church

anyone and they never stop

why is dancing very important to the mormons

they believe in an embodied god and so the body is sacred and dancing is a way to honor the fact that the body is sacred

how did mormons view marriage different from puritans

puritans saw marriage as part of gods earthy plan but not a heavenly institution

do mormons required money is given to the church

yes mormons require their members to give 10% of their income and are publicly made fun of and shunned if they do not even if they don't agree with some of the churches stances and what they use the money on

do mormons believe you need faith and works

yes, you must believe and do good works

what was new york being called when joseph smith moved there

"burnt over district" because there were so many revivals and religious fever

who were the people called who smith showed the tablets too

the book of mormons witnesses

how is restorationist different from fundementalist

mormons aren't saying we must take the bible literally but are we want to restore the early church with apostles and prophets

mormons complicated race history

until the 70s they didn't let black people fully participate in the church and smith would preach condescendingly to native americans telling them to build good houses like white men

how are methodists similiar to the shakers, oneida, and the mormons

all believed in going onto perfection, and striving for perfection here on earth

importance of mormon tabernacle choir

the mormon tabernacle choir became very popular and was a way of crossing boundaries and showing others that Mormons are real people

how did mormons become acceptable to americans

like Catholics they went to war, are sucsecfull and rich and raise responsible people who want to work hard

Glossolalia

speaking in tongues

whose ideas led to holiness traditions

wesley

what idea of john wesley's led to holiness traditions

spiritual perfection, one can achieve god likeness

3 things holiness traditions have in common

"going onto perfection", possibility of healing for the faithful, connection to the holy spirit

who was the first holiness group

wesleyan methodists

how were wesleyan methodists influenced by adventists

believe in second coming

how did split of wesleyan methodist from methodist episcopal represent wesleys views

methodist episcopal was pro slavery and wesley was anti slavery and also wesleyan methodists just wanted more focus on spiritual perfection

do wesleyan methodists ordain women

yes because they believe in the power of god to empower all people

what is the goal of wesleyan methodists

spirital perfection = achieve Christlikeness

how is salvation army structured

very hierarchical like an army, members are called soldiers with majors and generals who lead

Who started the Salvation Army?

William and Catherine Booth

how did wesleyan methodist and salvation army have in common in terms of women

allowed them positions and power in the church

what idea did william booth come up with

that the salvation army is gods army and they put on the armor of god to do his work

what group is one of the biggest distributors of humanitarian aid

salvation army

what wesleyan tradition did the salvation army follow

using pub tunes to create hymns, use popular music to appeal to the masses

what happened to the church of nazarene as they got more money

became less conservative in terms of allowing makeup however they become less open to higher roles for women because women staying at home was thought of as an indicator of being middle class because they could afford to have the women not work

why are holiness traditions scary to white people

typically, poor people of color who believe in speaking in tongues = challenge to traditional authority

who started the church of Christian science

mary baker eddy