Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Nursing Care Priorities (Lecture Notes)

Flashcards covering Maslow's hierarchy of needs, patient safety and autonomy, love/belonging, self-esteem, self-actualization, family dynamics, community health, DRGs, ACA, health-care levels, and nursing roles as described in the notes.

What is the highest priority level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs that must be met before addressing safety, love/belonging, or self-actualization?

Physiological needs (e.g., oxygen, airway, circulation).

What does ABC stand for in nursing priority and why is it used?

Airway, Breathing, Circulation; it guides the order in which life-sustaining functions are addressed, with oxygen as the most essential.

List at least five physiological needs described in the notes.

Airway/oxygen, circulation, nourishment (food and water), elimination, core temperature, sexuality, physical activity, and rest.

What is the second priority in Maslow's hierarchy according to the notes?

Safety and security (physical and emotional).

What does autonomy mean in patient care, as described in the notes?

Respecting the patient’s right to make their own informed decisions; providing information but not forcing choices.

Name some interventions that meet safety and security needs for patients.

Hand hygiene, proper use of electrical equipment, knowledgeable medication administration, and patient education.

What is the third priority in Maslow's hierarchy, and what does it entail in nursing practice?

Love and belonging; involving family/friends, forming a nurse-patient relationship, and supporting social connection.

How can nurses support love and belonging for patients?

Engage families and friends, build empathetic nurse-patient relationships, and refer to support groups or social networks.

What is self-esteem and what factors can affect it according to the notes?

The need to feel good about oneself, pride, and respect from others; affected by role changes and body image changes.

What is self-actualization, and how do nurses help patients achieve it?

Peak of Maslow's pyramid; focus on strengths and possibilities; provide direction, hope, and teaching to maximize potential.

How are Maslow's needs mapped to the four human-dimension framework described in the notes?

Physiological → Physical; Safety/Security → Environmental; Love/Belonging & Self-Esteem → Sociocultural; Self-Actualization → Intellectual/Spiritual.

How is 'family' defined in the notes, and does it have to be blood-related?

A group living together and depending on one another for physical, emotional, and financial support; not necessarily blood-related.

What are the four family structures mentioned?

Nuclear, extended, blended, and single-parent families.

What is a blended family?

Two parents and unrelated children from previous relationships.

What are key family functions described in the notes?

Physical safety/rest, economic support, reproduction, coping/emotional support, and socialization (transmission of beliefs/values).

What risk factors can alter family health according to the notes?

Lifestyle, psychological, environmental, developmental, and community factors (and gaps in knowledge or finances).

What constitutes a healthy community as described?

Access to healthcare, roads, schools, safe environment, housing, recreation, and resources to meet needs; clean air/water.

What is a DRG and why is it important in Medicare?

Diagnosis-Related Group; fixed payment per inpatient stay to standardize costs; incentives to discharge timely and avoid nonpayment for readmissions within 30 days for the same diagnosis.

What are primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of health care and examples?

Primary: treatment of common problems (e.g., clinic care). Secondary: more specialized care (e.g., allergist). Tertiary: management of rare/complex disorders (e.g., cancer).

What are different ways to pay for health care mentioned in the notes?

Out-of-pocket, private insurance, employer-based insurance, and government programs (Medicare, Medicaid, CHIP).

What is the difference between Medicare and Medicaid as described?

Medicare is based on age, disability, and dialysis. Medicaid is income-based.

What is an ambulatory surgery center (ASC) and why is it significant?

Same-day surgical care; outpatient; typically less invasive and a major revenue source for hospitals.

What is the role of a nurse in hospital and ambulatory settings?

Direct bedside care; health assessments; coordinate care; possible roles as nurse manager or specialist; patient education and collaboration with other providers.

What are the four-tier strategies to prevent medical errors as described?

1) Establish a national focus with leadership, research, and protocols for safety. 2) Learn from errors via nationwide mandatory reporting. 3) Raise performance standards and safety. 4) Implement safety systems in health organizations (e.g., electronic safety systems).

What is the role of sleep in learning for nursing students, according to the notes?

7–9 hours of sleep supports memory consolidation; the brain sorts and stores information in long-term memory during sleep.