hum stuff

Hadrians Wall

protect civilizations from barbarians and outside invasions

Olmec Heads

one of first civilizations: Olmec -> meso america -> developed independently without trade. 

• Technology → carving

• They had specialization of labor

• They had some state authority (religious or political) that could coordinate the creation of this art making

Pillars of Ashoka

Spread Buddhism + assisted in the consolidation of imperial authority through religious unity throughout south asia

What is NOT a pillar of islam

Worshipping Muhammad

Calligraphy

In Islamic art→ there was a ban on depicting living things in religious art so they turned to ______ to express faith, devotion, + spirituality for gods that they worshipped

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

• All monotheistic

• abrahamic religions

• all recognize jerusalem

• They do NOT use identical religious texts

The Venus of Willendorf

Sign of fertility icon used by Paleolithic people

Filial Piety

respect and care for your elders

Minaret

Minaret

• a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer.

• Physical symbol/beacon of Islamic strength and influence

Daoism

• Founded by Laozi

• No association w/ the Great Wall of China

• talks about respecting elders

Justinian

emperor of Byzantine empire

Justinian’s Code

gave women many more legal rights than their counterparts in other classical or post-classical civilizations

ziggurats and pyramids

both science of a belief in religious gods and the afterlife

geographical features necessary for an early civilization to develop

Proximity to river, fertile soil, favorable climate

Romans and Han Chinese

• built a trade connection due to the silk road

• centralized govt

• strong militaries

• creating institutions and practices that will endure over time

• they set the stage

• considered to be classical empires

• Downfall: nomadic invasions, military, revolts, outbreak of disease/epidemics

Persian Empire

Very religious tolerant

Bantu migration

affected southern africa by spreading agriculture and iron technology

monsoon winds

important bc they always follow the same direction

sailers can plan to the minute when they would have the most accurate trading

Christianity and Islam

Plays a key role in GOVT AND SOCIETY

No separation of church and state, church plays vital role in state + religion controls government and society

Feudalism

offers protection for their citizens, fiefs, land

• bubonic plague is part of the middle ages, caused downfall while this gov. system existed

Mauryan Empire and Gupta Empire

• They both increased scientific knowledge. ___(1)____ SPREAD BUDDHISM under emperor ASHOKA

• ___(1)____ is bigger

• ___(2)____ gave us science, art (specifically epics), literature, decimal system+mathematics, adherence to hinduism, expanded the caste systems, production of poems and drama

Mali Empire

• controlled flow of SALT across northern african; important for food preservation before fridges

• islamic majority

Delhi Sultanate

• ruled over indian subcontinent

• Adhered to the Islamic faith

• They are muslim rulers, but most of India at the time were Hindus

• Islamic people (minority) ruling over a majority Hindu population–in charge but are religious minority,

Terracotta Warriors

Ancient China–Qin Dynasty under the control of emperor Shi Huang(di)

Neolithic Revolution

introduced agriculture - makes sedentary-> CAN BUILD CITIES!!!

Paleolithic

ate big animals - large prey

Early Civilizations

decided to settle in river valleys bc fertile land and access to water

trial by jury

Greeks did ______ by peers

islam effect on the african continent

education and development of written language

Roman Art

• took lots of inspiration from the greeks

• Wanted to be the next step, spiritual successors

• Weren’t greek, didn’t want to be greek, but saw themselves as carrying on the torch of good culture

Greek Art

• great heroes, arete (virtue)

• Depicts art as the ideal -> depicting people and stories as they should be -> their perfectability

• Showing perfectability of people; not about wrinkles and bad stuff

• Showing how ppl can be better than what they were

Buddhism

• started in South Asia (Nepal)

• DIDN’T START FROM EAST ASIA, SPREAD FROM INDIA/NEPAL BECAUSE OF THE SILK ROAD

Great Wall of China

• Daoism is not responsible for it

• Built by the Qin Dynasty

• Ming Dynasty rebuilt the wall about 600 years ago. -> these are prob the people the exam will be talking abt bc the modern part and the part we can see today is this

Platos Theory of Form

• asserts that the physical realm is only a shadow, or image, of the true reality of the Realm of Forms.

• Beyond us - there is this world that’s the perfect thing

• Ex: when you see a tree, you see the shadow of a perfect tree that exists outside our real world

• Ex. cookie cutter for christmas tree is perfect =ideal form

  • We look for christmas cookies that look as close as they can to that

  • Trying to find the ideal form

Apostrophe

• When a character or narrator talks to someone or something that’s not actually present

• EX: Hamlet- to be or not to be monologue, image of hamlet holding a skull (Yorik) he talks to Yorik but he's dead so not present

• Ex. romeo and juliet– “romeo oh romeo where for art thou romeo”-- talking to romeo as IF he is there but hes not

Parallel structure

• the repetition of the same grammatical structures within a sentence to create equal grammatical value.

• Used for emphasis

• Ex. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom,