Boroque to Enlightenment

Oliver Cromwell

Instituted the Commonwealth in England when he deposed Charles I and executed him for treason.

Maximilien Robespierre

Led the Jacobins to overthrow the French monarchy and was in charge for most of the Reign of Terror.

English Bill of Rights

Parliament passes this to abolish Absolute Monarchy in England after the Glorious Revolution.

Bastille

The storming of this famous French prison became a symbol of the Revolution.

Constitutional Monarchy

System of government where a monarch serves as the head of state, but their powers are limited by a body of laws.

Cavaliers

This counterpart to the Roundheads were known as Royalists and supported a monarchy.

Napoleonic Code

The system of legal jurisprudence that spread from France throughout Europe as it was conquered.

Picaresque

Don Quixote is written in this style of novel.

Encyclopédie

Diderot created these volumes to highlight knowledge and to 'change the general way of thinking'.

Voltaire

Wrote the pessimistic satire Candide.

The Misanthrope

This play by Molière ridiculed nobles of the French court.

Jonathan Swift

This English satirist is most famous for A Modest Proposal, which provides a solution for the famine in Ireland.

Mary Wollstonecraft

Wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.

Théâtre de la République

This theater was opened in 1791 in Paris, France and often presented Molière's works.

Madame de Pompadour

She was Louis XV's mistress and was a famous hostess of Salons in France.

John Locke - Tabula Rasa

Greatly influenced Jefferson by his idea of this, which means 'blank slate,' in his social contract theory.

The Noble Savage

Rousseau's idea that all men were born pure and were corrupted by society.

Thomas Hobbes

He wrote in The Leviathan that he believed all men wanted to be governed by a benevolent force.

Johann Sebastian Bach

Wrote 300 cantatas designed for Lutheran church services.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Composed The Magic Flute and many other famous operas.

Heliocentric

A universe that revolves around the sun is called this.

Isaac Newton

Wrote Principia, which established the three laws of physics.

Palace of Versailles

King Louis XIV moved his court from the Louvre to here.

Louis XIV

Was a king who instituted Absolute Monarchy and forced his courtiers to do everything he said.

The Sun King

Another name for Louis XIV, who began the Royal Academy of Dance.

The Rape of the Daughters of Leucippus

Painted by Rubens, this work is indicative of the artist's ability to paint something both moralistic and libertine.

Baroque

An exceptionally ornamental and dramatic style of architecture, art and decoration.

Landscape

The depiction in art of natural scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, forests, etc.

Genre Painting

Style of painting that included scenes of everyday life, depicting ordinary people in common activities.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Made himself First Consul of France, then Emperor. Conquered most of Europe until he was stopped at Waterloo.