chapter five and six of phlebotomy textbook

What terms are necessary for the phlebotomist to know to preform procedures correctly?

Directional

The body must be in what position when defining the location of areas of the body?

Normal anatomic position

The human body is described by what three things?

body planes, surface regions, and body cavities

An imaginary flat surface that divides the body into front, back, right, left, upper and lower sections to facilitate the identification and relationship of body structure is called what?

Plane

What are the three planes?

Sagittal, transverse, and frontal

Divides the body vertically into left and right

Sagittal

Divides the body horizontally into upper and lower

Transverse

Divides the body into anterior/front/vertical and posterior/back/dorsal

Frontal

Medial means?

Towards the midline

Lateral means?

Towards the sides of the body

Inferior means?

Below

Superior means?

Above

Proximal means?

Closer to the point of attachment to the body trunk

Distal means?

Farther from the point of attachment to the body trunk

Prone means?

Lying on the abdomen with the face down

Supine means?

Lying on the back

What are the 11 major organ system?

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, endocrine, lymphatic, and cardiovascular

What are the eight structural levels of the human body?

Atom, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organs systems, and organisms

Smallest part of an element is?

Atom

Chemical constituents are?

Molecules

Small structures with cells are called?

Organelles

The basic units of all living things; smallest functioning unit of the body is?

Cells

Groups of similar cells are called?

Tissues

Two or more tissues that form a distinct structural unit in the body, specialized for complex functions are?

Organs

Groups of organs that are related to each other in function are called?

Organ system

The human body is considered?

An organism

The four types of human tissues are called?

Epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle

epithelial tissue covers what?

Both internal and external surfaces

Connective tissue does what?

Supports and links other cells and tissues

Nervous tissue includes cells specialized for what?

The conduction of electrical impulses

Muscle tissue does what?

Functions to contract

In the human cell, each cell has a specialized what and is capable of what?

Specialized function and capable of communicating with other cells

call shape and size depend on what?

Function

The protective barrier that allows substances in/out of the cell is called?

Cell membrane

The control mechanism of the cell that governs the functions of the cell (growth, metabolism, reproduction) and not found in mature RBCs is called?

Nucleus

The thing that encloses the nucleus is called?

Nuclear membrane

The thing inside the nucleus, aids in cell metabolism and reproduction; where ribosomes are synthesized is called?

Nucleolus

Contains water, dissolved nutrients, and organelles is considered what?

The cytoplasm

Stores and converts chemical energy into a form the cell can use(powerhouse) is what?

Mitochondria

Where amino acids are assembled into proteins is called?

Ribosomes

What acts as a transport channel between the cell membrane and the