Six Kingdoms

Kingdom Archaebacteria

A kingdom of prokaryotic, unicellular organisms that are autotrophic and heterotrophic, known for living in extreme environments.

Domain Archaea

A domain that includes organisms that are typically unicellular and prokaryotic, including Kingdom Archaebacteria.

Asexual Reproduction

Reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes, common in unicellular organisms such as Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.

Extremophiles

Organisms that thrive in physically or geochemically extreme conditions that are detrimental to most life on Earth.

Thermal vents

Geysers on the ocean floor that discharge hot water, often inhabited by extremophiles such as Archaebacteria.

Domain Eubacteria

A domain composed of prokaryotic, unicellular organisms that inhabit diverse environments on Earth, including those that are helpful or harmful.

Salmonella

A type of Eubacteria known to cause food poisoning.

Kingdom Protista

A kingdom that includes a variety of eukaryotic organisms that are not classified as animals, plants, or fungi.

Photosynthesis

The process by which autotrophic organisms, like plant-like protists, convert light energy into chemical energy.

Decomposers

Organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms; an example is fungus-like protists.

Eukaryotic

Organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes.

Multicellular

Organisms composed of more than one cell.

Heterotrophic

Organisms that cannot produce their own food and must consume other organisms for energy.

Yeast

A type of fungus that is unicellular, known for its role in fermentation.

Plantae

A kingdom of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that are autotrophic and primarily utilize photosynthesis.

Fungi

A kingdom of mainly multicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophic decomposers and do not move on their own.

Mushrooms

A common example of multicellular fungi that can be helpful or harmful.

Animalia

A kingdom of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic and capable of movement.

Heterotrophic (Consumer)

Organisms that obtain their food by consuming other organisms.

Cell Wall

A rigid layer that provides support and protection to the plant cell; absent in Animalia.

Sexual Reproduction

Reproduction involving the fusion of gametes, common in many Eukaryotic kingdoms such as Animalia and Plantae.

Cilia and Flagella

Structures that enable movement in certain eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

Examples of Plantae

Includes grass, trees, and flowers.

Examples of Animalia

Includes frogs, humans, and dogs.

Multicellular Organisms

Organisms that consist of multiple cells and often exhibit cellular differentiation.

Autotrophic

Organisms that produce their own food through processes such as photosynthesis.

Fungi Reproduction

Can occur asexually or sexually, and include organisms such as mushrooms, mold, and yeast.