Behaviorism Praxis 5623

behaviorism

view learning as a process of accessing and changing associations between stimuli and responses
we see this theory in the classroom through classroom management and est. positive contexts for learning (Key theorists- Skinner, Thorndike, and Pavlov)

stimuli

things or events that rouse activity or energy in someone or something

classical conditioning

a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

Unconditional stimulus

a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without prior learning.

Unconditional response

a natural reaction that occurs automatically in response to an unconditional stimulus.

Conditioned stimulus

a previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditional stimulus, begins to trigger a conditioned response.

Conditional response

a learned reaction that occurs in response to a conditioned stimulus after repeated pairings.

Operant Conditioning

a learning process in which behaviors are modified by their consequences, such as rewards or punishments. Reinforcement AFTER desired response

Focuses on Motivation: the drive to perform a behavior based on expected rewards or punishments.

Before condtioning

Bell - no response (NS)

Food - Salivation (UR)

During Conditioning

Bell + Food = Salivation
Neutral simulus becomes conditioned stimulus

After Conditioning

Bell = Salivation

Example of Postive Reinforcement operant conditioning

Give treat for doing homework

example of negative Reinforcement Operant conditioning

Remove a chore when you behave well

Example of Positive Punishment Operant Conditioning

Extra chores for misbehaving

Examples of Negative Punishment Operant conditioning

Take away video game for bad behavior

What does Reinforcment and Punishment do

Reinforcemnt: increases behavior

Punishment: decreases behavior.

Hpw Students learn

• How knowledge is built

• How skills are learned

• How thinking develops

Key learning theories

• Behaviorism

• Social cognitive theory

• Information processing

• Constructivism

• Sociocultural theory

Human development

• Understand stages: cognitive, physical, social, moral

• Know how development impacts teaching

Theorists matter

Theorists matter:

• Know their ideas

• Apply them in the classroom

KIDS mnemonic

Knowledge building
Information processing & theories
Development stages
Scholars & theorists

What Is Spacing (Successive approximation)

the gradual process of rewarding successful approximations of a skill in working towards an end goal

Give an example what spacing is

reward for close to desired behavior - closer to desired behavior - desired behavior

What is Ratio in Schedule or reinforcement

Ratio = Number of responses

how many times the desired behavior in order to get reinforcement

What is Interval In Schedule of Reinforcment

Interval = Time

How long the individual must wait between Reinforcment

What is continuous Reinforcment

One response = one reward

ex: Behavior (payment) = reward (candy)

What is fixed Ratio Reinforcment

_____ response = 1 reward

ex: ______ payment (behavior) = Reward (candy)

what is Varied Ratio Reinforcement

???? response = 1 reward (Unperdictable)

(?? payment) = Reward (Candy)

What is Fixed Interval Reinforcment

____ time (and 1 response) = 1 reward

Time (___ min) = Reward (Candy)

What is fixed Interval reinforcment

??? time (and 1 response) = 1 reward

time (?? min) = Reward (candy)

What is Schedule of reinforcement?

A schedule of reinforcement is a protocol that specifies how often and under what conditions a behavior is reinforced