LESSON 5: DETERMINING THE TRUTH FROM OPINION
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22 Terms
OPINION
SUBJECTIVE BELIEF
OPINION
MAY OR MAY NOT BE TRUE
OPINION
BASED ON FEELINGS OR ASSUMPTIONS
OPINION
E.G. “CHOCOLATE IS THE BEST FLAVOR.”
KNOWLEDGE
OBJECTIVE TRUTH
KNOWLEDGE
MUST BE TRUE
KNOWLEDGE
BASED ON EVIDENCE AND REASONING
KNOWLEDGE
E.G. “WATER BOILS AT 100 C.”
RATIONALISM AND EMPIRICISM
TWO SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT IN EPISTEMOLOGY
RATIONALISM
TRUTH IS KNOWN THROUGH REASON
RATIONALISM
A PRIORI (INNATE IDEAS)
RATIONALISM
DESCARTES SPINOZA
RATIONALISM
E.G. “TRIANGLES HAVE THREE SIDES.”
EMPIRICISM
TRUTH IS KNOWN THROUGH EXPERIENCE
EMPIRICISM
A POSTERIORI (LEARNED FROM OBSERVATION)
EMPIRICISM
LOCKE AND HUME
EMPIRICISM
E.G. “FIRE IS HOT.”
EVALUATING MEDIA AND ADVERTISEMENTS, LEGAL CONTEXT: “THE OPINION RULE” IN COURT, SOCIAL MEDIA AND MISINFORMATION
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
PERSONAL, SOCIETAL, PHILOSOPHICAL LEVEL
WHY TRUTH MATTERS
PERSONAL LEVEL
HELPS US MAKE INFORMED DECISIONS
SOCIETAL LEVEL
ESSENTIAL FOR JUSTICE, SCIENCE, AND DEMOCRACY
PHILOSOPHICAL LEVEL
DRIVES THE SEARCH FOR ULTIMATE REALITY