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the SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance
Mole
6.02 x 10^23; in honor of Italian physicist/lawyer Amedeo Avogadro who in 1811 determined the volume of 1 mol of a gas
Avogadro's number
the mass in grams of one mole of any pure substance
Molar Mass
percent by mass of each element in a compound
Percent composition
the formula with the smallest whole number mole ratio of the elements for a compound
empirical formula
specifies the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule or formula unit of the substance
Molecular Formula
A compound that has a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms
Hydrate
What is the mole?
The SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance
What is 6.02x10²³?
Avogadro's Number, which is any kind of particle (atom, molecule, formula unit, electron, ion etc.)
What are particles?
Atom=molecule=formula unit=electron=ion
What does 1 mole equal?
6.02x10²³ particles
If you are converting from moles to grams what do you do?
Multiply by molar mass
If you are converting from grams to moles what do you do?
Divide by molar mass
If you are converting from moles to particles what do you do?
Multiply by 6.02x10²³
If you are converting from particles to moles what do you do?
Divide by 6.02x10²³
Do 1 mol of cooper and 1 mol of carbon have the same masses?
No
What is molar mass?
The mass in grams of one mole of any pure substance
What is the molar mass equivalent to and what is its unit?
Atomic mass, g/mol
What does the molar mass of a compound demonstarte?
The law of conservation of mass
What is the percent by mass formula?
mass of element/mass of compound x 100
What is the empirical formula for a compound?
The smallest whole-number mole ratio of the elements
What is a hydrate?
A compound that has a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms
What is the prefix for one?
mono-
What is the prefix for two?
di-
What is the prefix for three?
tri-
What is the prefix for four?
tetra-
What is the prefix for five?
penta-
What is the prefix for six?
hexa-
What is the prefix for seven?
hecta-
What is the prefix for eight?
octa-
What is the prefix for nine?
nona-
What is the prefix for ten?
deca-
What is an anhydrous form used to for?
Absorb water
How do you find the formula mass?
Add all the moles/atomic masses of each element together
If a number has a decimal how do you find its sig fig?
1st nonzero number to the end
If a number is not a decimal how you find its sig fig?
1st nonzero number to the last nonzero number
What compound absorbs water into their solid structures from substances called hydrates?
Ionic
What does the prefix in the name of hydrate indicate?
The degree of hydration
Name the hydrate
CaCl₂ ∙ 8 H₂O
Calcium Chloride octahydrate
Write the formula for the hydrate
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate
MgSO₄ ∙ 7H₂O
