Chapter 3 (65-75)

Positive

Positive

________: middle and upper classes should be provided with incentive to reproduce.

Individuals

________ should be accountable for their actions whether or not they have free will.

social undesirables

Negative: ________ should be isolated, sterilized, r castrates.

Aim

________: moral reformation through deprivation of liberty and the prevention of crime through deterrence.

offenders character

A(n) ________ is open to analysis.

Social action

________ is inherited and those with a genealogically deviant inheritance would be unable to adapt to social life.

Unhealthy morality

________ was a biological thing and people with bad morals had high criminal propensities.

positivism

method of analysis based on the collection of observable scientific facts

positivist criminology

search for uniformities in the area of crime / criminal justice

aim

moral reformation through deprivation of liberty and the prevention of crime through deterrence

accidental

wars, famines, natural disaster

variable

free will, personality

constant

age, gender, occupation

positive

middle and upper classes should be provided with incentive to reproduce

negative

social undesirables should be isolated, sterilized, r castrates

punishment should fit the crime

imprisonment should be mainform

Adolphe Quetelet

society itself causes crime

According to Quetelet, what are the three main causes of crime?

accidental, variable, and constant causes

Causes of Crime: Accidental

wars, famines, natural disasters

Causes of Crime: Variable

free will, personality

Causes of Crime: Constant

age, gender, occupation

criminal anthropology

a branch of sociology that investigates crime scientifically to study its origin and causes and to determine what proportion of responsibility belongs to society and what to the criminal

Cesare Lombroso

criminals are born that way

Charles Goring

social action is inherited, those with a genealogically deviant inheritance would be unable to adapt to social life

positive eugenics (charles goring)

the middle and upper classes should be provided with incentive to reproduce

negative eugenics (charles goring)

social undesirables should be isolated, sterilized, and castrated

recidivism

habitual relapse into crime